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Barriers and facilitators to cardiopulmonary resuscitation within pre-hospital emergency medical services: a qualitative study

BACKGROUND: Out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest is a common and fatal problem. Rescuing patients with this problem by pre-hospital emergency medical services is associated with various barriers and facilitators. Identifying these barriers as well as the facilitators in a qualitative and an inform...

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Autores principales: Dehghan-Nayeri, Nahid, Nouri-Sari, Hassan, Bahramnezhad, Fatemeh, Hajibabaee, Fatemeh, Senmar, Mojtaba
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8515705/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34645417
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12873-021-00514-3
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author Dehghan-Nayeri, Nahid
Nouri-Sari, Hassan
Bahramnezhad, Fatemeh
Hajibabaee, Fatemeh
Senmar, Mojtaba
author_facet Dehghan-Nayeri, Nahid
Nouri-Sari, Hassan
Bahramnezhad, Fatemeh
Hajibabaee, Fatemeh
Senmar, Mojtaba
author_sort Dehghan-Nayeri, Nahid
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest is a common and fatal problem. Rescuing patients with this problem by pre-hospital emergency medical services is associated with various barriers and facilitators. Identifying these barriers as well as the facilitators in a qualitative and an information-rich way will help to improve the quality of performing the maneuver and to increase the patients’ survival. Therefore, the current study was qualitatively conducted with the aim of identifying the factors affecting the cardiopulmonary resuscitation within the pre-hospital emergency medical services. METHODS: This qualitative study was conducted using a content analysis approach in Iran in 2021. The participants were 16 Iranian emergency medical technicians who were selected through a purposive sampling method. For data collection, in-depth and semi-structured interviews were conducted. For data analysis, the Elo and Kyngäs method was applied. RESULTS: The mean participants’ age was 33.06 ± 7.85 years, and their mean work experience was 10.62 ± 6.63 years. The collected information was categorized into one main category called “complex context of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation” and 5 general categories with 17 subcategories. These categories and subcategories include patient condition (patient’s underlying diseases, age, high weight, number of children, and place of living), dominant atmosphere in companions at home (companions’ feeling of agitation, companions doing harm, and companions helping), policy (educational policy, human resource policy, up-to-date equipment and technology, and do-not-resuscitate policy), performance of the out-of-organizational system (disorganization in the patient handover process, and cooperation of the support organizations), and conditions related to the treatment team (conscience, cultural dominance, and shift burden). CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that the conditions related to the patient and his/her companions, as well as the organizational factors such as the policies and the out-of-organizational factors act as the barriers and the facilitators to the cardiopulmonary resuscitation within pre-hospital emergency medical services. Therefore, the barriers can be modified and the facilitators can be enhanced by taking various measures such as educating, human resource policy-making, upgrading the equipment, and considering appropriate management policies. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12873-021-00514-3.
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spelling pubmed-85157052021-10-20 Barriers and facilitators to cardiopulmonary resuscitation within pre-hospital emergency medical services: a qualitative study Dehghan-Nayeri, Nahid Nouri-Sari, Hassan Bahramnezhad, Fatemeh Hajibabaee, Fatemeh Senmar, Mojtaba BMC Emerg Med Research BACKGROUND: Out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest is a common and fatal problem. Rescuing patients with this problem by pre-hospital emergency medical services is associated with various barriers and facilitators. Identifying these barriers as well as the facilitators in a qualitative and an information-rich way will help to improve the quality of performing the maneuver and to increase the patients’ survival. Therefore, the current study was qualitatively conducted with the aim of identifying the factors affecting the cardiopulmonary resuscitation within the pre-hospital emergency medical services. METHODS: This qualitative study was conducted using a content analysis approach in Iran in 2021. The participants were 16 Iranian emergency medical technicians who were selected through a purposive sampling method. For data collection, in-depth and semi-structured interviews were conducted. For data analysis, the Elo and Kyngäs method was applied. RESULTS: The mean participants’ age was 33.06 ± 7.85 years, and their mean work experience was 10.62 ± 6.63 years. The collected information was categorized into one main category called “complex context of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation” and 5 general categories with 17 subcategories. These categories and subcategories include patient condition (patient’s underlying diseases, age, high weight, number of children, and place of living), dominant atmosphere in companions at home (companions’ feeling of agitation, companions doing harm, and companions helping), policy (educational policy, human resource policy, up-to-date equipment and technology, and do-not-resuscitate policy), performance of the out-of-organizational system (disorganization in the patient handover process, and cooperation of the support organizations), and conditions related to the treatment team (conscience, cultural dominance, and shift burden). CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that the conditions related to the patient and his/her companions, as well as the organizational factors such as the policies and the out-of-organizational factors act as the barriers and the facilitators to the cardiopulmonary resuscitation within pre-hospital emergency medical services. Therefore, the barriers can be modified and the facilitators can be enhanced by taking various measures such as educating, human resource policy-making, upgrading the equipment, and considering appropriate management policies. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12873-021-00514-3. BioMed Central 2021-10-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8515705/ /pubmed/34645417 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12873-021-00514-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Dehghan-Nayeri, Nahid
Nouri-Sari, Hassan
Bahramnezhad, Fatemeh
Hajibabaee, Fatemeh
Senmar, Mojtaba
Barriers and facilitators to cardiopulmonary resuscitation within pre-hospital emergency medical services: a qualitative study
title Barriers and facilitators to cardiopulmonary resuscitation within pre-hospital emergency medical services: a qualitative study
title_full Barriers and facilitators to cardiopulmonary resuscitation within pre-hospital emergency medical services: a qualitative study
title_fullStr Barriers and facilitators to cardiopulmonary resuscitation within pre-hospital emergency medical services: a qualitative study
title_full_unstemmed Barriers and facilitators to cardiopulmonary resuscitation within pre-hospital emergency medical services: a qualitative study
title_short Barriers and facilitators to cardiopulmonary resuscitation within pre-hospital emergency medical services: a qualitative study
title_sort barriers and facilitators to cardiopulmonary resuscitation within pre-hospital emergency medical services: a qualitative study
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8515705/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34645417
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12873-021-00514-3
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