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Hyperprogression: A Unique Phenomenon of Progression of Existing Tumor Secondary to Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a relatively new approach for cancer treatment that has demonstrated prolonged survival by enhancing the body’s immunologic response among advanced cancer patients. Although the benefits of immunotherapy have been well documented, potentially detrimental consequences such as pseudop...

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Autores principales: Mandal, Shobha, Ray, Barun, Baniya Sharma, Srijana, Poulose, Joyson, Kasireddy, Vineela
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8519188/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34667669
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.17992
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author Mandal, Shobha
Ray, Barun
Baniya Sharma, Srijana
Poulose, Joyson
Kasireddy, Vineela
author_facet Mandal, Shobha
Ray, Barun
Baniya Sharma, Srijana
Poulose, Joyson
Kasireddy, Vineela
author_sort Mandal, Shobha
collection PubMed
description Immunotherapy is a relatively new approach for cancer treatment that has demonstrated prolonged survival by enhancing the body’s immunologic response among advanced cancer patients. Although the benefits of immunotherapy have been well documented, potentially detrimental consequences such as pseudoprogression and hyperprogression have been identified. Hyperprogression is a tumor response in which the existing underlying tumor grows rapidly after initiating treatment with an immune checkpoint inhibitor. This report presents a case of hyperprogression of non-small-cell lung cancer in a 71-year-old male who was initially treated with four cycles of chemotherapy (carboplatin and pemetrexed) and later started on maintenance therapy with pembrolizumab and chemotherapy. Two weeks after receiving the first cycle of immunotherapy, he presented with a complaint of shortness of breath. On repeat computed tomography of the chest, he was found to have a two-fold increase in the size of the preexisting tumor with new large multiloculated right pleural effusion and abdominal ascites.
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spelling pubmed-85191882021-10-18 Hyperprogression: A Unique Phenomenon of Progression of Existing Tumor Secondary to Immunotherapy Mandal, Shobha Ray, Barun Baniya Sharma, Srijana Poulose, Joyson Kasireddy, Vineela Cureus Internal Medicine Immunotherapy is a relatively new approach for cancer treatment that has demonstrated prolonged survival by enhancing the body’s immunologic response among advanced cancer patients. Although the benefits of immunotherapy have been well documented, potentially detrimental consequences such as pseudoprogression and hyperprogression have been identified. Hyperprogression is a tumor response in which the existing underlying tumor grows rapidly after initiating treatment with an immune checkpoint inhibitor. This report presents a case of hyperprogression of non-small-cell lung cancer in a 71-year-old male who was initially treated with four cycles of chemotherapy (carboplatin and pemetrexed) and later started on maintenance therapy with pembrolizumab and chemotherapy. Two weeks after receiving the first cycle of immunotherapy, he presented with a complaint of shortness of breath. On repeat computed tomography of the chest, he was found to have a two-fold increase in the size of the preexisting tumor with new large multiloculated right pleural effusion and abdominal ascites. Cureus 2021-09-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8519188/ /pubmed/34667669 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.17992 Text en Copyright © 2021, Mandal et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Internal Medicine
Mandal, Shobha
Ray, Barun
Baniya Sharma, Srijana
Poulose, Joyson
Kasireddy, Vineela
Hyperprogression: A Unique Phenomenon of Progression of Existing Tumor Secondary to Immunotherapy
title Hyperprogression: A Unique Phenomenon of Progression of Existing Tumor Secondary to Immunotherapy
title_full Hyperprogression: A Unique Phenomenon of Progression of Existing Tumor Secondary to Immunotherapy
title_fullStr Hyperprogression: A Unique Phenomenon of Progression of Existing Tumor Secondary to Immunotherapy
title_full_unstemmed Hyperprogression: A Unique Phenomenon of Progression of Existing Tumor Secondary to Immunotherapy
title_short Hyperprogression: A Unique Phenomenon of Progression of Existing Tumor Secondary to Immunotherapy
title_sort hyperprogression: a unique phenomenon of progression of existing tumor secondary to immunotherapy
topic Internal Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8519188/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34667669
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.17992
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