Efficacy and Safety of Switching to Teneligliptin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Inadequately Controlled with Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors: 52-Week Results from a Prospective Observational Study

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of switching to teneligliptin from other dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) inadequately controlled despite treatment with a stable dose of other DPP-4 inhibitors. METHODS: Patients with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥ 7% despite taking DPP-4 inhibitors other than teneligliptin, with or without other antidiabetic agents, for at least 3 months were enrolled in this study. Patients on DPP-4 inhibitors administered prior to participation in this study were switched to 20 mg teneligliptin once daily and the dose was maintained for the 52-week study period. The primary endpoint was the change in HbA1c at week 12. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and the blood lipid profile were also evaluated. Adverse events were monitored for safety assessment. RESULTS: At weeks 12, 24, and 52, the HbA1c values significantly decreased by − 0.39, − 0.44, and − 0.52%, respectively, compared to the baseline value (p < 0.0001); in addition, 56.3, 60.3, and 62.3% of patients, respectively, achieved decreases in HbA1c of at least 0.3%, and 40.1, 46.5, and 52.4% of patients, respectively, achieved decreases in HbA1c of at least 0.5%. The proportion of the patient population achieving HbA1c < 7.0% increased throughout the study period, reaching 30.4, 35.4, and 36.9% at weeks 12, 24, and 52, respectively; at these same time points, the percentage of patients achieving HbA1c < 6.5% increased to 9.5, 11.9, and 13.2% of the total study population. FPG levels and lipid parameters were also significantly decreased after teneligliptin treatment. There were no significant safety concerns. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest the significant glucose-lowering effect of teneligliptin after switching from other DPP-4 inhibitors in patients with T2DM. The improvement in glycemic control was maintained for up to 52 weeks without safety concerns. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13300-021-01148-1.