Whole genome sequence of a non-toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae strain from a hospital in southeastern China

BACKGROUND: Sporadic cases of infection with non-toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae (C. diphtheriae) isolates have been reported in regions covered by the Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis vaccine, but no information describing the whole genome of non-toxigenic strains collected in China is available. Therefore, in this work, the complete genome of a non-toxigenic strain of C. diphtheriae from a hospital located in southeastern China was performed. RESULTS: This non-toxigenic isolate belonged to the belfanti biotype and possessed a unique ST (assigned as ST799 in pubMLST). ErmX was present in the genome sequence and this isolate owned the resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin. Genes coding for virulence factors involved in adherence, iron-uptake and regulation of diphtheria toxin were also found. Two genes were involved in the interaction between pathogen and host. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that this newly isolated strain was similar to the strain NCTC10838, CMCNS703 and CHUV2995. CONCLUSION: Non-toxigenic C. diphtheriae strain contained virulence factors, thus it is able to cause an infectious disease, aspect that could be clarified by performing the whole genome sequencing analysis. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12863-021-00998-9.