Évaluation du psycho-traumatisme lié aux agressions commises par les patients psychotiques sur leurs aidants familiaux: enquête transversale dans la région de Sfax, Tunisie

INTRODUCTION: the management of patients with psychosis is associated with a risk of exposure to violence which can affect all the stakeholders, in particular the family entourage. Caregiving role generates violence and this can have a psychological impact on the caregivers. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of aggressions perpetrated by patients with psychosis on their family caregivers as well as to assess the psychological and traumatic impact on family caregivers and to identify factors associated with it. METHODS: family caregivers of patient with psychosis were interviewed. We used two psychometric scales: the perception of prevalence of aggression scale (POPAS) and the impact of event scale-revised. RESULTS: the whole number of participants was 95. Three out of four caregivers (75.8%) reported having been subjected to moderate to severe aggressions by their sick relatives during the past year. Moderate to severe aggressions were significantly more common among older male caregivers, parents of patients with psychosis living in a different home. Fifty-four point seven percent of caregivers had possible posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the risk of developing this disorder increased significantly as the perceived severity of aggressions increased. The same sociodemographic profile of the caregivers, related to the severity of the aggressions, was associated with a risk of developing PTSD in the caregivers. CONCLUSION: the aggressions committed by patients with psychosis against their family caregivers appear to have a significant psychological and traumatic impact. Interventions targeting violence committed by patients with psychosis in their family environment should also be integrated into patient management.