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Assessment of malaria diagnostic methods and treatments at a Ghanaian health facility
INTRODUCTION: it has been more than a decade since the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended parasitological confirmation of malaria before treatment begins. Light microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests are currently being used for diagnosing malaria in routine clinical care settings. Many clin...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The African Field Epidemiology Network
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8520419/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34707752 http://dx.doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2021.39.251.28996 |
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author | Prah, James Kojo Amoah, Samuel Yartey, Andrew Nicholas Ampofo-Asiama, Adelaide Ameyaw, Elvis Ofori |
author_facet | Prah, James Kojo Amoah, Samuel Yartey, Andrew Nicholas Ampofo-Asiama, Adelaide Ameyaw, Elvis Ofori |
author_sort | Prah, James Kojo |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: it has been more than a decade since the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended parasitological confirmation of malaria before treatment begins. Light microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests are currently being used for diagnosing malaria in routine clinical care settings. Many clinicians have however raised questions about the competencies of laboratory staff who perform these tests and the performance of these diagnostic methods. This study aimed at assessing the performance of microscopy and two rapid diagnostic test kits in the hands of routine laboratory staff compared to expert microscopy as well as assess the performance of clinical diagnosis. METHODS: this was a cross sectional study involving 799 participants of all ages who visited the out patient department of the University of Cape Coast Hospital with symptoms suggestive of malaria. RESULTS: when the different methods were compared to expert microscopy, the rapid diagnostic test kits had the highest sensitivities, Wondfo 94.83% (95% CI: 85.62-98.20) and CareStart 91.38 (95% CI: 81.02-97.14). Microscopy by laboratory staff had a sensitivity of 68.79 (95% CI: 55.46-80.46) whilst clinical diagnosis had the lowest sensitivity of 17.24 (95% CI: 8.59-29.43). Cohen´s kappa coefficient was used to measure the level of agreement of the methods with expert microscopy. Microscopy by laboratory staff, CareStart and Wondfo showed substantial measures of agreement (k = 0.737, 0.683, and 0.691 respectively). CONCLUSION: these findings suggest that clinical diagnosis is highly unreliable whilst rapid diagnostic tests and microscopy performed by routine laboratory staff could be trusted by clinicians as reliable diagnostic methods. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8520419 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | The African Field Epidemiology Network |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85204192021-10-26 Assessment of malaria diagnostic methods and treatments at a Ghanaian health facility Prah, James Kojo Amoah, Samuel Yartey, Andrew Nicholas Ampofo-Asiama, Adelaide Ameyaw, Elvis Ofori Pan Afr Med J Research INTRODUCTION: it has been more than a decade since the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended parasitological confirmation of malaria before treatment begins. Light microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests are currently being used for diagnosing malaria in routine clinical care settings. Many clinicians have however raised questions about the competencies of laboratory staff who perform these tests and the performance of these diagnostic methods. This study aimed at assessing the performance of microscopy and two rapid diagnostic test kits in the hands of routine laboratory staff compared to expert microscopy as well as assess the performance of clinical diagnosis. METHODS: this was a cross sectional study involving 799 participants of all ages who visited the out patient department of the University of Cape Coast Hospital with symptoms suggestive of malaria. RESULTS: when the different methods were compared to expert microscopy, the rapid diagnostic test kits had the highest sensitivities, Wondfo 94.83% (95% CI: 85.62-98.20) and CareStart 91.38 (95% CI: 81.02-97.14). Microscopy by laboratory staff had a sensitivity of 68.79 (95% CI: 55.46-80.46) whilst clinical diagnosis had the lowest sensitivity of 17.24 (95% CI: 8.59-29.43). Cohen´s kappa coefficient was used to measure the level of agreement of the methods with expert microscopy. Microscopy by laboratory staff, CareStart and Wondfo showed substantial measures of agreement (k = 0.737, 0.683, and 0.691 respectively). CONCLUSION: these findings suggest that clinical diagnosis is highly unreliable whilst rapid diagnostic tests and microscopy performed by routine laboratory staff could be trusted by clinicians as reliable diagnostic methods. The African Field Epidemiology Network 2021-08-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8520419/ /pubmed/34707752 http://dx.doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2021.39.251.28996 Text en Copyright: James Kojo Prah et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/The Pan African Medical Journal (ISSN: 1937-8688). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Prah, James Kojo Amoah, Samuel Yartey, Andrew Nicholas Ampofo-Asiama, Adelaide Ameyaw, Elvis Ofori Assessment of malaria diagnostic methods and treatments at a Ghanaian health facility |
title | Assessment of malaria diagnostic methods and treatments at a Ghanaian health facility |
title_full | Assessment of malaria diagnostic methods and treatments at a Ghanaian health facility |
title_fullStr | Assessment of malaria diagnostic methods and treatments at a Ghanaian health facility |
title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of malaria diagnostic methods and treatments at a Ghanaian health facility |
title_short | Assessment of malaria diagnostic methods and treatments at a Ghanaian health facility |
title_sort | assessment of malaria diagnostic methods and treatments at a ghanaian health facility |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8520419/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34707752 http://dx.doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2021.39.251.28996 |
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