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Postoperative Pain Management: Efficacy of Caudal Tramadol in Pediatric Lower Abdominal Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Study
BACKGROUND: One of the methods of pain control after pediatric surgical procedures is regional techniques, including caudal block, despite their limitations. OBJECTIVES: In this study, the pain score and complications of caudal tramadol were evaluated in pediatrics following lower abdominal surgery....
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Kowsar
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8520683/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34692449 http://dx.doi.org/10.5812/aapm.119346 |
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author | Farahmand Rad, Reza Imani, Farnad Emami, Azadeh Salehi, Reza Ghavamy, Ali Reza Shariat, Ali Nima |
author_facet | Farahmand Rad, Reza Imani, Farnad Emami, Azadeh Salehi, Reza Ghavamy, Ali Reza Shariat, Ali Nima |
author_sort | Farahmand Rad, Reza |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: One of the methods of pain control after pediatric surgical procedures is regional techniques, including caudal block, despite their limitations. OBJECTIVES: In this study, the pain score and complications of caudal tramadol were evaluated in pediatrics following lower abdominal surgery. METHODS: In this study, 46 children aged 3 to 10 years were allocated into two equal groups (R and TR) for performing caudal analgesia after lower abdominal surgery. The injectate contained 0.2% ropivacaine 1 mL/kg in the R group (control group) and tramadol (2 mg/kg) and ropivacaine in the TR group. The pain score, duration of pain relief, amount of paracetamol consumption, hemodynamic alterations, and possible complications at specific times (1, 2, and 6 hours) were evaluated in both groups. RESULTS: No considerable difference was observed in the pain score between the groups in the first and second hours (P > 0.05). However, in the sixth hour, the TR group had a significantly lower pain score than the R group (P < 0.05). Compared to the R group, the TR group had a longer period of analgesia and lower consumption of analgesic drugs (P < 0.05). Heart rate and blood pressure differences were not significant between the two groups (P > 0.05). Similarly, the duration of operation and recovery time were not remarkably different between the two groups (P > 0.05). Complications had no apparent differences between these two groups, as well (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the addition of tramadol to caudal ropivacaine in pediatric lower abdominal surgery promoted pain relief without complications. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8520683 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Kowsar |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85206832021-10-22 Postoperative Pain Management: Efficacy of Caudal Tramadol in Pediatric Lower Abdominal Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Study Farahmand Rad, Reza Imani, Farnad Emami, Azadeh Salehi, Reza Ghavamy, Ali Reza Shariat, Ali Nima Anesth Pain Med Research Article BACKGROUND: One of the methods of pain control after pediatric surgical procedures is regional techniques, including caudal block, despite their limitations. OBJECTIVES: In this study, the pain score and complications of caudal tramadol were evaluated in pediatrics following lower abdominal surgery. METHODS: In this study, 46 children aged 3 to 10 years were allocated into two equal groups (R and TR) for performing caudal analgesia after lower abdominal surgery. The injectate contained 0.2% ropivacaine 1 mL/kg in the R group (control group) and tramadol (2 mg/kg) and ropivacaine in the TR group. The pain score, duration of pain relief, amount of paracetamol consumption, hemodynamic alterations, and possible complications at specific times (1, 2, and 6 hours) were evaluated in both groups. RESULTS: No considerable difference was observed in the pain score between the groups in the first and second hours (P > 0.05). However, in the sixth hour, the TR group had a significantly lower pain score than the R group (P < 0.05). Compared to the R group, the TR group had a longer period of analgesia and lower consumption of analgesic drugs (P < 0.05). Heart rate and blood pressure differences were not significant between the two groups (P > 0.05). Similarly, the duration of operation and recovery time were not remarkably different between the two groups (P > 0.05). Complications had no apparent differences between these two groups, as well (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the addition of tramadol to caudal ropivacaine in pediatric lower abdominal surgery promoted pain relief without complications. Kowsar 2021-09-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8520683/ /pubmed/34692449 http://dx.doi.org/10.5812/aapm.119346 Text en Copyright © 2021, Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) ) which permits copy and redistribute the material just in noncommercial usages, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Farahmand Rad, Reza Imani, Farnad Emami, Azadeh Salehi, Reza Ghavamy, Ali Reza Shariat, Ali Nima Postoperative Pain Management: Efficacy of Caudal Tramadol in Pediatric Lower Abdominal Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Study |
title | Postoperative Pain Management: Efficacy of Caudal Tramadol in Pediatric Lower Abdominal Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Study |
title_full | Postoperative Pain Management: Efficacy of Caudal Tramadol in Pediatric Lower Abdominal Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Study |
title_fullStr | Postoperative Pain Management: Efficacy of Caudal Tramadol in Pediatric Lower Abdominal Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Postoperative Pain Management: Efficacy of Caudal Tramadol in Pediatric Lower Abdominal Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Study |
title_short | Postoperative Pain Management: Efficacy of Caudal Tramadol in Pediatric Lower Abdominal Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Study |
title_sort | postoperative pain management: efficacy of caudal tramadol in pediatric lower abdominal surgery: a randomized clinical study |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8520683/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34692449 http://dx.doi.org/10.5812/aapm.119346 |
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