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Factors Associated With Diagnostic Delays in Human Brucellosis in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
The diagnostic delays pose a huge challenge to human brucellosis (HB), which increases the risk of chronicity and complications with a heavy disease burden. This study aimed to quantify and identify the associated factors in the diagnostic delays to its prevention, reduction, and elimination. This s...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8526552/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34692615 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.648054 |
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author | Zhai, Jingbo Peng, Ruihao Wang, Ying Lu, Yuying Yi, Huaimin Liu, Jinling Lu, Jiahai Chen, Zeliang |
author_facet | Zhai, Jingbo Peng, Ruihao Wang, Ying Lu, Yuying Yi, Huaimin Liu, Jinling Lu, Jiahai Chen, Zeliang |
author_sort | Zhai, Jingbo |
collection | PubMed |
description | The diagnostic delays pose a huge challenge to human brucellosis (HB), which increases the risk of chronicity and complications with a heavy disease burden. This study aimed to quantify and identify the associated factors in the diagnostic delays to its prevention, reduction, and elimination. This study analyzed risk factors associated with the diagnostic delays in a cross-sectional study with data collected from Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China. Diagnostic delays were defined with a cutoff of 30, 60, and 90 days. In different delay groups, risk factors of diagnostic delays were analyzed by univariate analysis and modeled by multivariate logistic regression analysis. A total of 14,506 cases were collected between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2017, of which the median diagnostic delays was 29 days [interquartile range (IQR): 14–54 days]. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the older age category was associated with longer diagnostic delays across all groups. Longer diagnostic delays increase with age among three delay groups (p for trend <0.001). Occupation as herdsman was associated with shorter diagnostic delays in group 1 with 30 days [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 0.890 (95% CI 0.804–0.986)]. Diagnostic delays was shorter in patients with brucellosis who were reported in CDC in all delay groups [aOR 0.738 (95% CI 0.690–0.790), 0.539 (95% CI 0.497–0.586), and 0.559 (95% CI 0.504–0.621)]. Pastoral/agricultural area was associated with shorter diagnostic delays in group 1 with 30 days [aOR, 0.889 (95%CI 0.831–0.951)] and group 3 with 90 days [aOR, 0.806 (95%CI 0.727–0.893)]. Stratified analysis showed that the older age category was associated with an increased risk of a long delay in both genders (p < 0.05). The older age group-to-youth group OR increased along with increased delay time (p for trend <0.001). Furthermore, the pastoral/agricultural area was associated with a shorter delay in males (p < 0.05). Delays exist in the diagnosis of HB. We should pay great attention to the risk factors of diagnostic delays, such as older population, non-herdsman, non-pastoral/agricultural area, non-disease prevention, and control agencies. Effective measures should shorten the diagnostic delays, achieve early detection, diagnosis, and treatment, and reduce the risk of HB's chronicity, complications, and economic burden. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8526552 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85265522021-10-21 Factors Associated With Diagnostic Delays in Human Brucellosis in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Zhai, Jingbo Peng, Ruihao Wang, Ying Lu, Yuying Yi, Huaimin Liu, Jinling Lu, Jiahai Chen, Zeliang Front Public Health Public Health The diagnostic delays pose a huge challenge to human brucellosis (HB), which increases the risk of chronicity and complications with a heavy disease burden. This study aimed to quantify and identify the associated factors in the diagnostic delays to its prevention, reduction, and elimination. This study analyzed risk factors associated with the diagnostic delays in a cross-sectional study with data collected from Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China. Diagnostic delays were defined with a cutoff of 30, 60, and 90 days. In different delay groups, risk factors of diagnostic delays were analyzed by univariate analysis and modeled by multivariate logistic regression analysis. A total of 14,506 cases were collected between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2017, of which the median diagnostic delays was 29 days [interquartile range (IQR): 14–54 days]. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the older age category was associated with longer diagnostic delays across all groups. Longer diagnostic delays increase with age among three delay groups (p for trend <0.001). Occupation as herdsman was associated with shorter diagnostic delays in group 1 with 30 days [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 0.890 (95% CI 0.804–0.986)]. Diagnostic delays was shorter in patients with brucellosis who were reported in CDC in all delay groups [aOR 0.738 (95% CI 0.690–0.790), 0.539 (95% CI 0.497–0.586), and 0.559 (95% CI 0.504–0.621)]. Pastoral/agricultural area was associated with shorter diagnostic delays in group 1 with 30 days [aOR, 0.889 (95%CI 0.831–0.951)] and group 3 with 90 days [aOR, 0.806 (95%CI 0.727–0.893)]. Stratified analysis showed that the older age category was associated with an increased risk of a long delay in both genders (p < 0.05). The older age group-to-youth group OR increased along with increased delay time (p for trend <0.001). Furthermore, the pastoral/agricultural area was associated with a shorter delay in males (p < 0.05). Delays exist in the diagnosis of HB. We should pay great attention to the risk factors of diagnostic delays, such as older population, non-herdsman, non-pastoral/agricultural area, non-disease prevention, and control agencies. Effective measures should shorten the diagnostic delays, achieve early detection, diagnosis, and treatment, and reduce the risk of HB's chronicity, complications, and economic burden. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-10-05 /pmc/articles/PMC8526552/ /pubmed/34692615 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.648054 Text en Copyright © 2021 Zhai, Peng, Wang, Lu, Yi, Liu, Lu and Chen. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Public Health Zhai, Jingbo Peng, Ruihao Wang, Ying Lu, Yuying Yi, Huaimin Liu, Jinling Lu, Jiahai Chen, Zeliang Factors Associated With Diagnostic Delays in Human Brucellosis in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China |
title | Factors Associated With Diagnostic Delays in Human Brucellosis in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China |
title_full | Factors Associated With Diagnostic Delays in Human Brucellosis in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China |
title_fullStr | Factors Associated With Diagnostic Delays in Human Brucellosis in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China |
title_full_unstemmed | Factors Associated With Diagnostic Delays in Human Brucellosis in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China |
title_short | Factors Associated With Diagnostic Delays in Human Brucellosis in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China |
title_sort | factors associated with diagnostic delays in human brucellosis in tongliao city, inner mongolia autonomous region, china |
topic | Public Health |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8526552/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34692615 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.648054 |
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