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Intact predictive motor sequence learning in autism spectrum disorder
Atypical motor learning has been suggested to underpin the development of motoric challenges (e.g., handwriting difficulties) in autism. Bayesian accounts of autistic cognition propose a mechanistic explanation for differences in the learning process in autism. Specifically, that autistic individual...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8526822/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34667226 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00173-1 |
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author | Rybicki, A. J. Galea, J. M. Schuster, B. A. Hiles, C. Fabian, C. Cook, J. L. |
author_facet | Rybicki, A. J. Galea, J. M. Schuster, B. A. Hiles, C. Fabian, C. Cook, J. L. |
author_sort | Rybicki, A. J. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Atypical motor learning has been suggested to underpin the development of motoric challenges (e.g., handwriting difficulties) in autism. Bayesian accounts of autistic cognition propose a mechanistic explanation for differences in the learning process in autism. Specifically, that autistic individuals overweight incoming, at the expense of prior, information and are thus less likely to (a) build stable expectations of upcoming events and (b) react to statistically surprising events. Although Bayesian accounts have been suggested to explain differences in learning across a range of domains, to date, such accounts have not been extended to motor learning. 28 autistic and 35 non-autistic controls (IQ > 70) completed a computerised task in which they learned sequences of actions. On occasional “surprising” trials, an expected action had to be replaced with an unexpected action. Sequence learning was indexed as the reaction time difference between blocks which featured a predictable sequence and those that did not. Surprise-related slowing was indexed as the reaction time difference between surprising and unsurprising trials. No differences in sequence-learning or surprise-related slowing were observed between the groups. Bayesian statistics provided anecdotal to moderate evidence to support the conclusion that sequence learning and surprise-related slowing were comparable between the two groups. We conclude that individuals with autism do not show atypicalities in response to surprising events in the context of motor sequence-learning. These data demand careful consideration of the way in which Bayesian accounts of autism can (and cannot) be extended to the domain of motor learning. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8526822 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85268222021-10-22 Intact predictive motor sequence learning in autism spectrum disorder Rybicki, A. J. Galea, J. M. Schuster, B. A. Hiles, C. Fabian, C. Cook, J. L. Sci Rep Article Atypical motor learning has been suggested to underpin the development of motoric challenges (e.g., handwriting difficulties) in autism. Bayesian accounts of autistic cognition propose a mechanistic explanation for differences in the learning process in autism. Specifically, that autistic individuals overweight incoming, at the expense of prior, information and are thus less likely to (a) build stable expectations of upcoming events and (b) react to statistically surprising events. Although Bayesian accounts have been suggested to explain differences in learning across a range of domains, to date, such accounts have not been extended to motor learning. 28 autistic and 35 non-autistic controls (IQ > 70) completed a computerised task in which they learned sequences of actions. On occasional “surprising” trials, an expected action had to be replaced with an unexpected action. Sequence learning was indexed as the reaction time difference between blocks which featured a predictable sequence and those that did not. Surprise-related slowing was indexed as the reaction time difference between surprising and unsurprising trials. No differences in sequence-learning or surprise-related slowing were observed between the groups. Bayesian statistics provided anecdotal to moderate evidence to support the conclusion that sequence learning and surprise-related slowing were comparable between the two groups. We conclude that individuals with autism do not show atypicalities in response to surprising events in the context of motor sequence-learning. These data demand careful consideration of the way in which Bayesian accounts of autism can (and cannot) be extended to the domain of motor learning. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-10-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8526822/ /pubmed/34667226 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00173-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Rybicki, A. J. Galea, J. M. Schuster, B. A. Hiles, C. Fabian, C. Cook, J. L. Intact predictive motor sequence learning in autism spectrum disorder |
title | Intact predictive motor sequence learning in autism spectrum disorder |
title_full | Intact predictive motor sequence learning in autism spectrum disorder |
title_fullStr | Intact predictive motor sequence learning in autism spectrum disorder |
title_full_unstemmed | Intact predictive motor sequence learning in autism spectrum disorder |
title_short | Intact predictive motor sequence learning in autism spectrum disorder |
title_sort | intact predictive motor sequence learning in autism spectrum disorder |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8526822/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34667226 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00173-1 |
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