Incidence of Heterotopic Ossification with NSAID Prophylaxis Is Low After Open and Arthroscopic Hip Preservation Surgery

PURPOSE: We evaluate the incidence of heterotopic ossification (HO) development with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) prophylaxis in patients after open and arthroscopic hip preservation surgery. METHODS: A retrospective review identified patients who underwent hip preservation surgery at a single institution within the past 3 years. Patients who underwent hip arthroscopy with or without periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) or femoral osteotomy (FO) were included. Those who did not receive 3-month postoperative radiographs were excluded. The incidence and Brooker classification (BC) of HO in patients taking Naproxen or another NSAID (meloxicam, celecoxib, indomethacin, or aspirin alone) was assessed using AP radiographs available from 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up appointments. Univariate analysis was conducted to compare numerical means and categorical data (significance level P = .05). RESULTS: A total of 328 hips (284 patients) were included. All patients received hip arthroscopy, while 71 patients (21.6%) received concurrent periacetabular osteotomy (PAO; n = 65) or femoral osteotomy (FO; n = 6). Overall, 276 hips (84.4%) received Naproxen for HO prophylaxis. In total, 5 of 328 hips (1.5%) developed HO (4, BC I; 1, BC III). The rate of HO development was significantly higher in males versus females (4 of 121 (3.31%) vs 1 of 207 (.48%), P = .0441). All 5 patients received arthroscopic cam resection and labral repair, and 1 patient also received PAO. Three patients in the Naproxen group (.91%) developed HO, which was not statistically different from those taking a different NSAID (.61%, P = .1797). CONCLUSION: The incidence of HO development was low with NSAID prophylaxis after hip preservation surgery.