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The roles of sex and gender in women’s eye health disparities in the United States
BACKGROUND: In the United States, women are at a higher risk of developing vision impairment or a serious eye disease (such as age-related macular degeneration, thyroid eye disease, or chronic dry eye disease) than men. Disparities in eye diseases due to biology widen even further when considering f...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8527306/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34670620 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13293-021-00401-3 |
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author | Aninye, Irene O. Digre, Kathleen Hartnett, M. Elizabeth Baldonado, Kira Shriver, Erin M. Periman, Laura M. Grutzmacher, Julie Clayton, Janine A. |
author_facet | Aninye, Irene O. Digre, Kathleen Hartnett, M. Elizabeth Baldonado, Kira Shriver, Erin M. Periman, Laura M. Grutzmacher, Julie Clayton, Janine A. |
author_sort | Aninye, Irene O. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: In the United States, women are at a higher risk of developing vision impairment or a serious eye disease (such as age-related macular degeneration, thyroid eye disease, or chronic dry eye disease) than men. Disparities in eye diseases due to biology widen even further when considering factors such as social determinants of health; gaps in research data, literature, and policy; insufficient provider and patient education; and limitations in screening and treatment options. Sex and gender disparities in eye health are clinically under-addressed and burdensome on both patient quality of life and the health care and economic systems, resulting in a pressing population health issue that negatively impacts women. DESIGN: The Society for Women’s Health Research convened a working group of expert clinicians, researchers, and patient advocates to review the current state of science regarding sex and gender disparities in women’s eye health, identify knowledge gaps and unmet needs, and explore better means to advance research, improve patient care, and raise awareness of key issues. DISCUSSION: The SWHR Women’s Eye Health Working Group identified priority areas in research, clinical care, and education to reduce disparities and improve patient care in women’s eye health. The working group recommends using a systems approach that incorporates a comprehensive research framework with a sex and gender lens to guide future work and that increases health care provider and public education, as well as engagement by expanding partnerships among ophthalmologic providers, researchers, and non-vision stakeholders. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8527306 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85273062021-10-20 The roles of sex and gender in women’s eye health disparities in the United States Aninye, Irene O. Digre, Kathleen Hartnett, M. Elizabeth Baldonado, Kira Shriver, Erin M. Periman, Laura M. Grutzmacher, Julie Clayton, Janine A. Biol Sex Differ Review BACKGROUND: In the United States, women are at a higher risk of developing vision impairment or a serious eye disease (such as age-related macular degeneration, thyroid eye disease, or chronic dry eye disease) than men. Disparities in eye diseases due to biology widen even further when considering factors such as social determinants of health; gaps in research data, literature, and policy; insufficient provider and patient education; and limitations in screening and treatment options. Sex and gender disparities in eye health are clinically under-addressed and burdensome on both patient quality of life and the health care and economic systems, resulting in a pressing population health issue that negatively impacts women. DESIGN: The Society for Women’s Health Research convened a working group of expert clinicians, researchers, and patient advocates to review the current state of science regarding sex and gender disparities in women’s eye health, identify knowledge gaps and unmet needs, and explore better means to advance research, improve patient care, and raise awareness of key issues. DISCUSSION: The SWHR Women’s Eye Health Working Group identified priority areas in research, clinical care, and education to reduce disparities and improve patient care in women’s eye health. The working group recommends using a systems approach that incorporates a comprehensive research framework with a sex and gender lens to guide future work and that increases health care provider and public education, as well as engagement by expanding partnerships among ophthalmologic providers, researchers, and non-vision stakeholders. BioMed Central 2021-10-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8527306/ /pubmed/34670620 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13293-021-00401-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Review Aninye, Irene O. Digre, Kathleen Hartnett, M. Elizabeth Baldonado, Kira Shriver, Erin M. Periman, Laura M. Grutzmacher, Julie Clayton, Janine A. The roles of sex and gender in women’s eye health disparities in the United States |
title | The roles of sex and gender in women’s eye health disparities in the United States |
title_full | The roles of sex and gender in women’s eye health disparities in the United States |
title_fullStr | The roles of sex and gender in women’s eye health disparities in the United States |
title_full_unstemmed | The roles of sex and gender in women’s eye health disparities in the United States |
title_short | The roles of sex and gender in women’s eye health disparities in the United States |
title_sort | roles of sex and gender in women’s eye health disparities in the united states |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8527306/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34670620 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13293-021-00401-3 |
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