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Influence of the Color, Shape, and Size of the Clay Model on Arthropod Interactions in Turfgrass

Many predatory arthropods occur naturally in turfgrass, and they provide adequate control of lepidopteran pests, such as fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Recording predation is challengin...

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Autores principales: Khan, Fawad Z A, Joseph, Shimat V
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8527575/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34668976
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jisesa/ieab070
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author Khan, Fawad Z A
Joseph, Shimat V
author_facet Khan, Fawad Z A
Joseph, Shimat V
author_sort Khan, Fawad Z A
collection PubMed
description Many predatory arthropods occur naturally in turfgrass, and they provide adequate control of lepidopteran pests, such as fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Recording predation is challenging under field conditions because predators rarely leave any evidence. Clay models were successfully employed for studying predation, and this technique is underutilized in turfgrass. Little is known about whether the characteristics of clay models, such as color, shape, and size, influence arthropod interactions in turfgrass. To improve the utility of clay models in turfgrass, the influence of the color, shape, and size of clay models on arthropod interactions was studied by exposing clay models during daytime and nighttime in a turfgrass field. The results showed that arthropods interacted with clay models, and various types of impressions were recorded, including paired marks, scratches, cuts, and pricks. Although the color of the clay model had no significant effects on arthropod interactions during the night, significantly greater numbers of impressions were noticed on the blue and green models than on the yellow models during the daytime. The caterpillar-shaped models captured significantly greater densities of impressions than the beetle-shaped models. Additionally, the number of impressions significantly increased with an increase in the size of the model regardless of shape.
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spelling pubmed-85275752021-10-20 Influence of the Color, Shape, and Size of the Clay Model on Arthropod Interactions in Turfgrass Khan, Fawad Z A Joseph, Shimat V J Insect Sci Research Articles Many predatory arthropods occur naturally in turfgrass, and they provide adequate control of lepidopteran pests, such as fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Recording predation is challenging under field conditions because predators rarely leave any evidence. Clay models were successfully employed for studying predation, and this technique is underutilized in turfgrass. Little is known about whether the characteristics of clay models, such as color, shape, and size, influence arthropod interactions in turfgrass. To improve the utility of clay models in turfgrass, the influence of the color, shape, and size of clay models on arthropod interactions was studied by exposing clay models during daytime and nighttime in a turfgrass field. The results showed that arthropods interacted with clay models, and various types of impressions were recorded, including paired marks, scratches, cuts, and pricks. Although the color of the clay model had no significant effects on arthropod interactions during the night, significantly greater numbers of impressions were noticed on the blue and green models than on the yellow models during the daytime. The caterpillar-shaped models captured significantly greater densities of impressions than the beetle-shaped models. Additionally, the number of impressions significantly increased with an increase in the size of the model regardless of shape. Oxford University Press 2021-10-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8527575/ /pubmed/34668976 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jisesa/ieab070 Text en © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Articles
Khan, Fawad Z A
Joseph, Shimat V
Influence of the Color, Shape, and Size of the Clay Model on Arthropod Interactions in Turfgrass
title Influence of the Color, Shape, and Size of the Clay Model on Arthropod Interactions in Turfgrass
title_full Influence of the Color, Shape, and Size of the Clay Model on Arthropod Interactions in Turfgrass
title_fullStr Influence of the Color, Shape, and Size of the Clay Model on Arthropod Interactions in Turfgrass
title_full_unstemmed Influence of the Color, Shape, and Size of the Clay Model on Arthropod Interactions in Turfgrass
title_short Influence of the Color, Shape, and Size of the Clay Model on Arthropod Interactions in Turfgrass
title_sort influence of the color, shape, and size of the clay model on arthropod interactions in turfgrass
topic Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8527575/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34668976
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jisesa/ieab070
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