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Between Inflammation and Autophagy: The Role of Leptin-Adiponectin Axis in Cardiac Remodeling

Cardiac remodeling is the process by which the heart adapts to stressful stimuli, such as hypertension and ischemia/reperfusion; it ultimately leads to heart failure upon long-term exposure. Autophagy, a cellular catabolic process that was originally considered as a mechanism of cell death in respon...

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Autores principales: Kamareddine, Layla, Ghantous, Crystal M, Allouch, Soumaya, Al-Ashmar, Sarah A, Anlar, Gulsen, Kannan, Surya, Djouhri, Laiche, Korashy, Hesham M, Agouni, Abdelali, Zeidan, Asad
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8528546/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34703273
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S322231
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author Kamareddine, Layla
Ghantous, Crystal M
Allouch, Soumaya
Al-Ashmar, Sarah A
Anlar, Gulsen
Kannan, Surya
Djouhri, Laiche
Korashy, Hesham M
Agouni, Abdelali
Zeidan, Asad
author_facet Kamareddine, Layla
Ghantous, Crystal M
Allouch, Soumaya
Al-Ashmar, Sarah A
Anlar, Gulsen
Kannan, Surya
Djouhri, Laiche
Korashy, Hesham M
Agouni, Abdelali
Zeidan, Asad
author_sort Kamareddine, Layla
collection PubMed
description Cardiac remodeling is the process by which the heart adapts to stressful stimuli, such as hypertension and ischemia/reperfusion; it ultimately leads to heart failure upon long-term exposure. Autophagy, a cellular catabolic process that was originally considered as a mechanism of cell death in response to detrimental stimuli, is thought to be one of the main mechanisms that controls cardiac remodeling and induces heart failure. Dysregulation of the adipokines leptin and adiponectin, which plays essential roles in lipid and glucose metabolism, and in the pathophysiology of the neuroendocrine and cardiovascular systems, has been shown to affect the autophagic response in the heart and to contribute to accelerate cardiac remodeling. The obesity-associated protein leptin is a pro-inflammatory, tumor-promoting adipocytokine whose elevated levels in obesity are associated with acute cardiovascular events, and obesity-related hypertension. Adiponectin exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects, and its reduced levels in obesity correlate with the pathogenesis of obesity-associated cardiovascular diseases. Leptin- and adiponectin-induced changes in autophagic flux have been linked to cardiac remodeling and heart failure. In this review, we describe the different molecular mechanisms of hyperleptinemia- and hypoadiponectinemia-mediated pathogenesis of cardiac remodeling and the involvement of autophagy in this process. A better understanding of the roles of leptin, adiponectin, and autophagy in cardiac functions and remodeling, and the exact signal transduction pathways by which they contribute to cardiac diseases may well lead to discovery of new therapeutic agents for the treatment of cardiovascular remodeling.
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spelling pubmed-85285462021-10-25 Between Inflammation and Autophagy: The Role of Leptin-Adiponectin Axis in Cardiac Remodeling Kamareddine, Layla Ghantous, Crystal M Allouch, Soumaya Al-Ashmar, Sarah A Anlar, Gulsen Kannan, Surya Djouhri, Laiche Korashy, Hesham M Agouni, Abdelali Zeidan, Asad J Inflamm Res Review Cardiac remodeling is the process by which the heart adapts to stressful stimuli, such as hypertension and ischemia/reperfusion; it ultimately leads to heart failure upon long-term exposure. Autophagy, a cellular catabolic process that was originally considered as a mechanism of cell death in response to detrimental stimuli, is thought to be one of the main mechanisms that controls cardiac remodeling and induces heart failure. Dysregulation of the adipokines leptin and adiponectin, which plays essential roles in lipid and glucose metabolism, and in the pathophysiology of the neuroendocrine and cardiovascular systems, has been shown to affect the autophagic response in the heart and to contribute to accelerate cardiac remodeling. The obesity-associated protein leptin is a pro-inflammatory, tumor-promoting adipocytokine whose elevated levels in obesity are associated with acute cardiovascular events, and obesity-related hypertension. Adiponectin exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects, and its reduced levels in obesity correlate with the pathogenesis of obesity-associated cardiovascular diseases. Leptin- and adiponectin-induced changes in autophagic flux have been linked to cardiac remodeling and heart failure. In this review, we describe the different molecular mechanisms of hyperleptinemia- and hypoadiponectinemia-mediated pathogenesis of cardiac remodeling and the involvement of autophagy in this process. A better understanding of the roles of leptin, adiponectin, and autophagy in cardiac functions and remodeling, and the exact signal transduction pathways by which they contribute to cardiac diseases may well lead to discovery of new therapeutic agents for the treatment of cardiovascular remodeling. Dove 2021-10-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8528546/ /pubmed/34703273 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S322231 Text en © 2021 Kamareddine et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) ). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).
spellingShingle Review
Kamareddine, Layla
Ghantous, Crystal M
Allouch, Soumaya
Al-Ashmar, Sarah A
Anlar, Gulsen
Kannan, Surya
Djouhri, Laiche
Korashy, Hesham M
Agouni, Abdelali
Zeidan, Asad
Between Inflammation and Autophagy: The Role of Leptin-Adiponectin Axis in Cardiac Remodeling
title Between Inflammation and Autophagy: The Role of Leptin-Adiponectin Axis in Cardiac Remodeling
title_full Between Inflammation and Autophagy: The Role of Leptin-Adiponectin Axis in Cardiac Remodeling
title_fullStr Between Inflammation and Autophagy: The Role of Leptin-Adiponectin Axis in Cardiac Remodeling
title_full_unstemmed Between Inflammation and Autophagy: The Role of Leptin-Adiponectin Axis in Cardiac Remodeling
title_short Between Inflammation and Autophagy: The Role of Leptin-Adiponectin Axis in Cardiac Remodeling
title_sort between inflammation and autophagy: the role of leptin-adiponectin axis in cardiac remodeling
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8528546/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34703273
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S322231
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