Study to estimate the average blood loss in different orthopedic procedures: A retrospective review

BACKGROUND: In orthopedic surgery, bleeding is an inevitable side effect. The study's aim was to provide estimated blood loss values in various orthopedic procedures and take a step towards developing statistically reliable formulae. This can provide blood loss values in orthopedic surgery, which will be a very good tool for operative planning. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed case notes of 282 patients in a UK based trauma center from December 2020 to March 2021,who had undergone a various orthopedic procedures. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 25. RESULTS: Most common fracture was neck of femur (37.5%)followed by intertrochanteric fractures(27.6%). Paired t-test was used, and there is good evidence (t281 = 14.957, p = 0.000) that intraoperative transfusions increased HB levels in patients (t281 = 14.957, p = 0.000) by an average of 1.331 points, with a 95% confidence interval of 1.156–1.506. As a result, the variation between the Pre-op and Post-op HB levels is statistically important but minimal. We can see that the mean blood loss is statistically different in different age groups (0.03) of patients and by the existence of co-morbids using analysis of variance (0.04). The average number of days spent in the hospital varies by surgical type (0.01) performed on patients. CONCLUSION: Orthopedic surgery can be associated with high levels of blood loss. There is a significant relation between fracture form and age groups, change of wound dressing (COD), use of a tourniquet, and drain insertion, no connection was noted between gender and fracture types.