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Age patterns in overweight and wasting prevalence of under 5-year-old children from low- and middle-income countries
OBJECTIVES: To describe how overweight and wasting prevalence varies with age among children under 5 years in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). METHODS: We used data from nationally representative Demographic and Health Surveys and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys. Overweight and wasting p...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group UK
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8528694/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34294871 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41366-021-00911-5 |
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author | Ricardo, Luiza I. C. Gatica-Domínguez, Giovanna Crochemore-Silva, Inácio Neves, Paulo A. R. dos Santos Vaz, Juliana Barros, Aluisio J. D. Victora, Cesar Gomes |
author_facet | Ricardo, Luiza I. C. Gatica-Domínguez, Giovanna Crochemore-Silva, Inácio Neves, Paulo A. R. dos Santos Vaz, Juliana Barros, Aluisio J. D. Victora, Cesar Gomes |
author_sort | Ricardo, Luiza I. C. |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: To describe how overweight and wasting prevalence varies with age among children under 5 years in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). METHODS: We used data from nationally representative Demographic and Health Surveys and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys. Overweight and wasting prevalence were defined as the proportions of children presenting mean weight for length/height (WHZ) more than 2 standard deviations above or below 2 standard deviations from the median value of the 2006 WHO standards, respectively. Descriptive analyses include national estimates of child overweight and wasting prevalence, mean, and standard deviations of WHZ stratified by age in years. National results were pooled using the population of children aged under 5 years in each country as weight. Fractional polynomials were used to compare mean WHZ with both overweight and wasting prevalence. RESULTS: Ninety national surveys from LMICs carried out between 2010 and 2019 were included. The overall prevalence of overweight declined with age from 6.3% for infants (aged 0–11 months) to 3.0% in 4 years olds (p = 0.03). In all age groups, lower prevalence was observed in low-income compared to upper-middle-income countries. Wasting was also more frequent among infants, with a slight decrease between the first and second year of life, and little variation thereafter. Lower-middle-income countries showed the highest wasting prevalence in all age groups. On the other hand, mean WHZ was stable over the first 5 years of life, but the median standard deviation for WHZ decreased from 1.39 in infants to 1.09 in 4-year-old children (p < 0.001). For any given value of WHZ, both overweight and wasting prevalence were higher in infants than in older children. CONCLUSION: The higher values of WHZ standard deviations in infants suggest that declining prevalence in overweight and wasting by age may be possibly due to measurement error or rapid crossing of growth channels by infants. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8528694 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85286942021-10-25 Age patterns in overweight and wasting prevalence of under 5-year-old children from low- and middle-income countries Ricardo, Luiza I. C. Gatica-Domínguez, Giovanna Crochemore-Silva, Inácio Neves, Paulo A. R. dos Santos Vaz, Juliana Barros, Aluisio J. D. Victora, Cesar Gomes Int J Obes (Lond) Article OBJECTIVES: To describe how overweight and wasting prevalence varies with age among children under 5 years in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). METHODS: We used data from nationally representative Demographic and Health Surveys and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys. Overweight and wasting prevalence were defined as the proportions of children presenting mean weight for length/height (WHZ) more than 2 standard deviations above or below 2 standard deviations from the median value of the 2006 WHO standards, respectively. Descriptive analyses include national estimates of child overweight and wasting prevalence, mean, and standard deviations of WHZ stratified by age in years. National results were pooled using the population of children aged under 5 years in each country as weight. Fractional polynomials were used to compare mean WHZ with both overweight and wasting prevalence. RESULTS: Ninety national surveys from LMICs carried out between 2010 and 2019 were included. The overall prevalence of overweight declined with age from 6.3% for infants (aged 0–11 months) to 3.0% in 4 years olds (p = 0.03). In all age groups, lower prevalence was observed in low-income compared to upper-middle-income countries. Wasting was also more frequent among infants, with a slight decrease between the first and second year of life, and little variation thereafter. Lower-middle-income countries showed the highest wasting prevalence in all age groups. On the other hand, mean WHZ was stable over the first 5 years of life, but the median standard deviation for WHZ decreased from 1.39 in infants to 1.09 in 4-year-old children (p < 0.001). For any given value of WHZ, both overweight and wasting prevalence were higher in infants than in older children. CONCLUSION: The higher values of WHZ standard deviations in infants suggest that declining prevalence in overweight and wasting by age may be possibly due to measurement error or rapid crossing of growth channels by infants. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-07-22 2021 /pmc/articles/PMC8528694/ /pubmed/34294871 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41366-021-00911-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Ricardo, Luiza I. C. Gatica-Domínguez, Giovanna Crochemore-Silva, Inácio Neves, Paulo A. R. dos Santos Vaz, Juliana Barros, Aluisio J. D. Victora, Cesar Gomes Age patterns in overweight and wasting prevalence of under 5-year-old children from low- and middle-income countries |
title | Age patterns in overweight and wasting prevalence of under 5-year-old children from low- and middle-income countries |
title_full | Age patterns in overweight and wasting prevalence of under 5-year-old children from low- and middle-income countries |
title_fullStr | Age patterns in overweight and wasting prevalence of under 5-year-old children from low- and middle-income countries |
title_full_unstemmed | Age patterns in overweight and wasting prevalence of under 5-year-old children from low- and middle-income countries |
title_short | Age patterns in overweight and wasting prevalence of under 5-year-old children from low- and middle-income countries |
title_sort | age patterns in overweight and wasting prevalence of under 5-year-old children from low- and middle-income countries |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8528694/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34294871 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41366-021-00911-5 |
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