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The Code Silver Exercise: a low-cost simulation alternative to prepare hospitals for an active shooter event
Mass-shooting incidents have been increasing in recent years and Code Silver—the hospital response to a person with a weapon such as an active shooter in many Provinces or States in North America—is quickly shifting from a theoretical safety measure to a realistic scenario for which hospitals must p...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8529569/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34674767 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41077-021-00190-0 |
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author | Kim, Julie J. Howes, Daniel Forristal, Chantal Willmore, Andrew |
author_facet | Kim, Julie J. Howes, Daniel Forristal, Chantal Willmore, Andrew |
author_sort | Kim, Julie J. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Mass-shooting incidents have been increasing in recent years and Code Silver—the hospital response to a person with a weapon such as an active shooter in many Provinces or States in North America—is quickly shifting from a theoretical safety measure to a realistic scenario for which hospitals must prepare their staff. A Code Silver Exercise (CSE) involving an independent mental practice exercise with written responses to scenarios and questions, followed by a facilitated debrief with all participants, was conceptualized and trialled for feasibility and efficacy. The CSE was piloted as a quality improvement and emergency preparedness initiative in three different settings including in situ within a hospital Emergency Department or Intensive Care Unit, offsite in a large conference room workshop, and online via virtual platform. These sessions took place in 4 different cities in Canada and included 3 academic teaching hospitals. Participants of the in situ and virtual CSE completed pre- and post-simulation surveys which showed improved understanding of Code Silver protocols following participation. The CSE is a reproducible simulation alternative, designed to operationalize a Code Silver policy at a large healthcare institution in a sustainable way. This training model can be administered in multiple settings in-person (in situ or offsite), and virtually, making it versatile and easily accessible for participants. This exercise enables participants to mentally rehearse practical responses to an active shooter in their unique work environments and to discuss ethical and medical-legal implications of their responses during a facilitated debrief with fellow healthcare providers. Implementation of a CSE for training in hospitals may help staff to create a mental schema prior to an active shooter event, and thus indirectly improve the chances of survivability in the event of a real active shooter situation. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41077-021-00190-0. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8529569 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85295692021-10-21 The Code Silver Exercise: a low-cost simulation alternative to prepare hospitals for an active shooter event Kim, Julie J. Howes, Daniel Forristal, Chantal Willmore, Andrew Adv Simul (Lond) Innovation Mass-shooting incidents have been increasing in recent years and Code Silver—the hospital response to a person with a weapon such as an active shooter in many Provinces or States in North America—is quickly shifting from a theoretical safety measure to a realistic scenario for which hospitals must prepare their staff. A Code Silver Exercise (CSE) involving an independent mental practice exercise with written responses to scenarios and questions, followed by a facilitated debrief with all participants, was conceptualized and trialled for feasibility and efficacy. The CSE was piloted as a quality improvement and emergency preparedness initiative in three different settings including in situ within a hospital Emergency Department or Intensive Care Unit, offsite in a large conference room workshop, and online via virtual platform. These sessions took place in 4 different cities in Canada and included 3 academic teaching hospitals. Participants of the in situ and virtual CSE completed pre- and post-simulation surveys which showed improved understanding of Code Silver protocols following participation. The CSE is a reproducible simulation alternative, designed to operationalize a Code Silver policy at a large healthcare institution in a sustainable way. This training model can be administered in multiple settings in-person (in situ or offsite), and virtually, making it versatile and easily accessible for participants. This exercise enables participants to mentally rehearse practical responses to an active shooter in their unique work environments and to discuss ethical and medical-legal implications of their responses during a facilitated debrief with fellow healthcare providers. Implementation of a CSE for training in hospitals may help staff to create a mental schema prior to an active shooter event, and thus indirectly improve the chances of survivability in the event of a real active shooter situation. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41077-021-00190-0. BioMed Central 2021-10-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8529569/ /pubmed/34674767 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41077-021-00190-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Innovation Kim, Julie J. Howes, Daniel Forristal, Chantal Willmore, Andrew The Code Silver Exercise: a low-cost simulation alternative to prepare hospitals for an active shooter event |
title | The Code Silver Exercise: a low-cost simulation alternative to prepare hospitals for an active shooter event |
title_full | The Code Silver Exercise: a low-cost simulation alternative to prepare hospitals for an active shooter event |
title_fullStr | The Code Silver Exercise: a low-cost simulation alternative to prepare hospitals for an active shooter event |
title_full_unstemmed | The Code Silver Exercise: a low-cost simulation alternative to prepare hospitals for an active shooter event |
title_short | The Code Silver Exercise: a low-cost simulation alternative to prepare hospitals for an active shooter event |
title_sort | code silver exercise: a low-cost simulation alternative to prepare hospitals for an active shooter event |
topic | Innovation |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8529569/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34674767 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41077-021-00190-0 |
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