Cargando…
Unraveling the Role of Dopaminergic and Calretinin Interneurons in the Olfactory Bulb
The perception and discriminating of odors are sensory activities that are an integral part of our daily life. The first brain region where odors are processed is the olfactory bulb (OB). Among the different cell populations that make up this brain area, interneurons play an essential role in this s...
Autores principales: | , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8531203/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34690707 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncir.2021.718221 |
_version_ | 1784586801376133120 |
---|---|
author | Capsoni, Simona Fogli Iseppe, Alex Casciano, Fabio Pignatelli, Angela |
author_facet | Capsoni, Simona Fogli Iseppe, Alex Casciano, Fabio Pignatelli, Angela |
author_sort | Capsoni, Simona |
collection | PubMed |
description | The perception and discriminating of odors are sensory activities that are an integral part of our daily life. The first brain region where odors are processed is the olfactory bulb (OB). Among the different cell populations that make up this brain area, interneurons play an essential role in this sensory activity. Moreover, probably because of their activity, they represent an exception compared to other parts of the brain, since OB interneurons are continuously generated in the postnatal and adult period. In this review, we will focus on periglomerular (PG) cells which are a class of interneurons found in the glomerular layer of the OB. These interneurons can be classified into distinct subtypes based on their neurochemical nature, based on the neurotransmitter and calcium-binding proteins expressed by these cells. Dopaminergic (DA) periglomerular cells and calretinin (CR) cells are among the newly generated interneurons and play an important role in the physiology of OB. In the OB, DA cells are involved in the processing of odors and the adaptation of the bulbar network to external conditions. The main role of DA cells in OB appears to be the inhibition of glutamate release from olfactory sensory fibers. Calretinin cells are probably the best morphologically characterized interneurons among PG cells in OB, but little is known about their function except for their inhibitory effect on noisy random excitatory signals arriving at the main neurons. In this review, we will mainly describe the electrophysiological properties related to the excitability profiles of DA and CR cells, with a particular view on the differences that characterize DA mature interneurons from cells in different stages of adult neurogenesis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8531203 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85312032021-10-23 Unraveling the Role of Dopaminergic and Calretinin Interneurons in the Olfactory Bulb Capsoni, Simona Fogli Iseppe, Alex Casciano, Fabio Pignatelli, Angela Front Neural Circuits Neuroscience The perception and discriminating of odors are sensory activities that are an integral part of our daily life. The first brain region where odors are processed is the olfactory bulb (OB). Among the different cell populations that make up this brain area, interneurons play an essential role in this sensory activity. Moreover, probably because of their activity, they represent an exception compared to other parts of the brain, since OB interneurons are continuously generated in the postnatal and adult period. In this review, we will focus on periglomerular (PG) cells which are a class of interneurons found in the glomerular layer of the OB. These interneurons can be classified into distinct subtypes based on their neurochemical nature, based on the neurotransmitter and calcium-binding proteins expressed by these cells. Dopaminergic (DA) periglomerular cells and calretinin (CR) cells are among the newly generated interneurons and play an important role in the physiology of OB. In the OB, DA cells are involved in the processing of odors and the adaptation of the bulbar network to external conditions. The main role of DA cells in OB appears to be the inhibition of glutamate release from olfactory sensory fibers. Calretinin cells are probably the best morphologically characterized interneurons among PG cells in OB, but little is known about their function except for their inhibitory effect on noisy random excitatory signals arriving at the main neurons. In this review, we will mainly describe the electrophysiological properties related to the excitability profiles of DA and CR cells, with a particular view on the differences that characterize DA mature interneurons from cells in different stages of adult neurogenesis. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-10-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8531203/ /pubmed/34690707 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncir.2021.718221 Text en Copyright © 2021 Capsoni, Fogli Iseppe, Casciano and Pignatelli. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Capsoni, Simona Fogli Iseppe, Alex Casciano, Fabio Pignatelli, Angela Unraveling the Role of Dopaminergic and Calretinin Interneurons in the Olfactory Bulb |
title | Unraveling the Role of Dopaminergic and Calretinin Interneurons in the Olfactory Bulb |
title_full | Unraveling the Role of Dopaminergic and Calretinin Interneurons in the Olfactory Bulb |
title_fullStr | Unraveling the Role of Dopaminergic and Calretinin Interneurons in the Olfactory Bulb |
title_full_unstemmed | Unraveling the Role of Dopaminergic and Calretinin Interneurons in the Olfactory Bulb |
title_short | Unraveling the Role of Dopaminergic and Calretinin Interneurons in the Olfactory Bulb |
title_sort | unraveling the role of dopaminergic and calretinin interneurons in the olfactory bulb |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8531203/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34690707 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncir.2021.718221 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT capsonisimona unravelingtheroleofdopaminergicandcalretinininterneuronsintheolfactorybulb AT fogliiseppealex unravelingtheroleofdopaminergicandcalretinininterneuronsintheolfactorybulb AT cascianofabio unravelingtheroleofdopaminergicandcalretinininterneuronsintheolfactorybulb AT pignatelliangela unravelingtheroleofdopaminergicandcalretinininterneuronsintheolfactorybulb |