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Alleviation Effects of GQD, a Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, on Diabetes Rats Linked to Modulation of the Gut Microbiome
Gegen Qinlian Decoction (GQD) is a Chinese herbal medicine that has been reported to significantly decrease blood glucose levels, which is suggested to be related to interactions with the gut microbiota. However, the protective effect of GQD on intestinal barrier function with regard to its influenc...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8531589/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34692563 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.740236 |
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author | Tian, Jiaxing Bai, Bingbing Gao, Zezheng Yang, Yingying Wu, Haoran Wang, Xinmiao Wang, Jun Li, Min Tong, Xiaolin |
author_facet | Tian, Jiaxing Bai, Bingbing Gao, Zezheng Yang, Yingying Wu, Haoran Wang, Xinmiao Wang, Jun Li, Min Tong, Xiaolin |
author_sort | Tian, Jiaxing |
collection | PubMed |
description | Gegen Qinlian Decoction (GQD) is a Chinese herbal medicine that has been reported to significantly decrease blood glucose levels, which is suggested to be related to interactions with the gut microbiota. However, the protective effect of GQD on intestinal barrier function with regard to its influence on the gut microbiota has not been explored to date. In this study, we investigated the role of the gut microbiota in mediating the hypoglycemic mechanism of GQD in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin after 4 weeks of high-fat diet feeding. The T2DM rats were randomly allocated to receive GQD, metformin (Met), or saline for 12 consecutive weeks, and changes in metabolic parameters, intestinal barrier function, and inflammation were investigated. Gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing from fecal samples, and statistical analyses were performed to correlate microbiota composition with phenotypes of the T2DM rats. GQD administration decreased the levels of blood glucose and inflammatory cytokines, and increased the levels of tight junction proteins. Besides, GQD had a protective effect on islet function, restoring intestinal permeability, and inhibiting inflammation, as evidenced by increases in the levels of serum C-peptide, occludin, and claudin-1 in the colon, and also improved the expression of serum inflammatory factors. In addition, GQD regulated the structure of the gut microbiota by increasing the proportions of short-chain fatty acids-producing and anti-inflammatory bacteria, and decreasing the proportions of conditioned pathogenic bacteria associated with the diabetic phenotype. Overall, these findings suggest that GQD could ameliorate hyperglycemia and protect islet function by regulating the structure of the gut microbiota, thereby restoring intestinal permeability and inhibiting inflammation in T2DM rats. Our study thus suggests that the hypoglycemic mechanism of GQD is mediated by its modulation of the gut microbiota. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8531589 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85315892021-10-23 Alleviation Effects of GQD, a Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, on Diabetes Rats Linked to Modulation of the Gut Microbiome Tian, Jiaxing Bai, Bingbing Gao, Zezheng Yang, Yingying Wu, Haoran Wang, Xinmiao Wang, Jun Li, Min Tong, Xiaolin Front Cell Infect Microbiol Cellular and Infection Microbiology Gegen Qinlian Decoction (GQD) is a Chinese herbal medicine that has been reported to significantly decrease blood glucose levels, which is suggested to be related to interactions with the gut microbiota. However, the protective effect of GQD on intestinal barrier function with regard to its influence on the gut microbiota has not been explored to date. In this study, we investigated the role of the gut microbiota in mediating the hypoglycemic mechanism of GQD in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin after 4 weeks of high-fat diet feeding. The T2DM rats were randomly allocated to receive GQD, metformin (Met), or saline for 12 consecutive weeks, and changes in metabolic parameters, intestinal barrier function, and inflammation were investigated. Gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing from fecal samples, and statistical analyses were performed to correlate microbiota composition with phenotypes of the T2DM rats. GQD administration decreased the levels of blood glucose and inflammatory cytokines, and increased the levels of tight junction proteins. Besides, GQD had a protective effect on islet function, restoring intestinal permeability, and inhibiting inflammation, as evidenced by increases in the levels of serum C-peptide, occludin, and claudin-1 in the colon, and also improved the expression of serum inflammatory factors. In addition, GQD regulated the structure of the gut microbiota by increasing the proportions of short-chain fatty acids-producing and anti-inflammatory bacteria, and decreasing the proportions of conditioned pathogenic bacteria associated with the diabetic phenotype. Overall, these findings suggest that GQD could ameliorate hyperglycemia and protect islet function by regulating the structure of the gut microbiota, thereby restoring intestinal permeability and inhibiting inflammation in T2DM rats. Our study thus suggests that the hypoglycemic mechanism of GQD is mediated by its modulation of the gut microbiota. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-10-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8531589/ /pubmed/34692563 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.740236 Text en Copyright © 2021 Tian, Bai, Gao, Yang, Wu, Wang, Wang, Li and Tong https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Cellular and Infection Microbiology Tian, Jiaxing Bai, Bingbing Gao, Zezheng Yang, Yingying Wu, Haoran Wang, Xinmiao Wang, Jun Li, Min Tong, Xiaolin Alleviation Effects of GQD, a Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, on Diabetes Rats Linked to Modulation of the Gut Microbiome |
title | Alleviation Effects of GQD, a Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, on Diabetes Rats Linked to Modulation of the Gut Microbiome |
title_full | Alleviation Effects of GQD, a Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, on Diabetes Rats Linked to Modulation of the Gut Microbiome |
title_fullStr | Alleviation Effects of GQD, a Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, on Diabetes Rats Linked to Modulation of the Gut Microbiome |
title_full_unstemmed | Alleviation Effects of GQD, a Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, on Diabetes Rats Linked to Modulation of the Gut Microbiome |
title_short | Alleviation Effects of GQD, a Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, on Diabetes Rats Linked to Modulation of the Gut Microbiome |
title_sort | alleviation effects of gqd, a traditional chinese medicine formula, on diabetes rats linked to modulation of the gut microbiome |
topic | Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8531589/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34692563 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.740236 |
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