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Oxidative Stress in Optic Neuropathies
Increasing evidence indicates that changes in the redox system may contribute to the pathogenesis of multiple optic neuropathies. Optic neuropathies are characterized by the neurodegeneration of the inner-most retinal neurons, the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), and their axons, which form the optic...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8532958/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34679672 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10101538 |
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author | Sanz-Morello, Berta Ahmadi, Hamid Vohra, Rupali Saruhanian, Sarkis Freude, Kristine Karla Hamann, Steffen Kolko, Miriam |
author_facet | Sanz-Morello, Berta Ahmadi, Hamid Vohra, Rupali Saruhanian, Sarkis Freude, Kristine Karla Hamann, Steffen Kolko, Miriam |
author_sort | Sanz-Morello, Berta |
collection | PubMed |
description | Increasing evidence indicates that changes in the redox system may contribute to the pathogenesis of multiple optic neuropathies. Optic neuropathies are characterized by the neurodegeneration of the inner-most retinal neurons, the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), and their axons, which form the optic nerve. Often, optic neuropathies are asymptomatic until advanced stages, when visual impairment or blindness is unavoidable despite existing treatments. In this review, we describe systemic and, whenever possible, ocular redox dysregulations observed in patients with glaucoma, ischemic optic neuropathy, optic neuritis, hereditary optic neuropathies (i.e., Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy and autosomal dominant optic atrophy), nutritional and toxic optic neuropathies, and optic disc drusen. We discuss aspects related to anti/oxidative stress biomarkers that need further investigation and features related to study design that should be optimized to generate more valuable and comparable results. Understanding the role of oxidative stress in optic neuropathies can serve to develop therapeutic strategies directed at the redox system to arrest the neurodegenerative processes in the retina and RGCs and ultimately prevent vision loss. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8532958 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85329582021-10-23 Oxidative Stress in Optic Neuropathies Sanz-Morello, Berta Ahmadi, Hamid Vohra, Rupali Saruhanian, Sarkis Freude, Kristine Karla Hamann, Steffen Kolko, Miriam Antioxidants (Basel) Review Increasing evidence indicates that changes in the redox system may contribute to the pathogenesis of multiple optic neuropathies. Optic neuropathies are characterized by the neurodegeneration of the inner-most retinal neurons, the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), and their axons, which form the optic nerve. Often, optic neuropathies are asymptomatic until advanced stages, when visual impairment or blindness is unavoidable despite existing treatments. In this review, we describe systemic and, whenever possible, ocular redox dysregulations observed in patients with glaucoma, ischemic optic neuropathy, optic neuritis, hereditary optic neuropathies (i.e., Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy and autosomal dominant optic atrophy), nutritional and toxic optic neuropathies, and optic disc drusen. We discuss aspects related to anti/oxidative stress biomarkers that need further investigation and features related to study design that should be optimized to generate more valuable and comparable results. Understanding the role of oxidative stress in optic neuropathies can serve to develop therapeutic strategies directed at the redox system to arrest the neurodegenerative processes in the retina and RGCs and ultimately prevent vision loss. MDPI 2021-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8532958/ /pubmed/34679672 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10101538 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Sanz-Morello, Berta Ahmadi, Hamid Vohra, Rupali Saruhanian, Sarkis Freude, Kristine Karla Hamann, Steffen Kolko, Miriam Oxidative Stress in Optic Neuropathies |
title | Oxidative Stress in Optic Neuropathies |
title_full | Oxidative Stress in Optic Neuropathies |
title_fullStr | Oxidative Stress in Optic Neuropathies |
title_full_unstemmed | Oxidative Stress in Optic Neuropathies |
title_short | Oxidative Stress in Optic Neuropathies |
title_sort | oxidative stress in optic neuropathies |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8532958/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34679672 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10101538 |
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