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Heat Stress After Pollination Reduces Kernel Number in Maize by Insufficient Assimilates

Global warming has increased the occurrence of high temperature stress in plants, including maize, resulting in decreased the grain number and yield. Previous studies indicate that heat stress mainly damages the pollen grains and thus lowered maize grain number. Other field studies have shown that h...

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Autores principales: Niu, Shiduo, Du, Xiong, Wei, Dejie, Liu, Shanshan, Tang, Qian, Bian, Dahong, Zhang, Yarong, Cui, Yanhong, Gao, Zhen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8532994/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34691151
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.728166
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author Niu, Shiduo
Du, Xiong
Wei, Dejie
Liu, Shanshan
Tang, Qian
Bian, Dahong
Zhang, Yarong
Cui, Yanhong
Gao, Zhen
author_facet Niu, Shiduo
Du, Xiong
Wei, Dejie
Liu, Shanshan
Tang, Qian
Bian, Dahong
Zhang, Yarong
Cui, Yanhong
Gao, Zhen
author_sort Niu, Shiduo
collection PubMed
description Global warming has increased the occurrence of high temperature stress in plants, including maize, resulting in decreased the grain number and yield. Previous studies indicate that heat stress mainly damages the pollen grains and thus lowered maize grain number. Other field studies have shown that heat stress after pollination results in kernel abortion. However, the mechanism by which high temperature affect grain abortion following pollination remains unclear. Hence, this study investigated the field grown heat-resistant maize variety “Zhengdan 958” (ZD958) and heat-sensitive variety “Xianyu 335” (XY335) under a seven-day heat stress treatment (HT) after pollination. Under HT, the grain numbers of XY335 and ZD958 were reduced by 10.9% (p = 0.006) and 5.3% (p = 0.129), respectively. The RNA sequencing analysis showed a higher number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HT and the control in XY335 compared to ZD958. Ribulose diphosphate carboxylase (RuBPCase) genes were downregulated by heat stress, and RuBPCase activity was significantly lowered by 14.1% (p = 0.020) in XY335 and 5.3% (p = 0.436) in ZD958 in comparison to CK. The soluble sugar and starch contents in the grains of XY335 were obviously reduced by 26.1 and 58.5%, respectively, with no distinct change observed in ZD958. Heat stress also inhibited the synthesis of grain starch, as shown by the low activities of metabolism-related enzymes. Under HT, the expression of trehalose metabolism genes in XY335 were upregulated, and these genes may be involved in kernel abortion at high temperature. In conclusion, this study revealed that post-pollination heat stress in maize mainly resulted in reduced carbohydrate availability for grain development, though the heat-resistant ZD958 was nevertheless able to maintain growth.
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spelling pubmed-85329942021-10-23 Heat Stress After Pollination Reduces Kernel Number in Maize by Insufficient Assimilates Niu, Shiduo Du, Xiong Wei, Dejie Liu, Shanshan Tang, Qian Bian, Dahong Zhang, Yarong Cui, Yanhong Gao, Zhen Front Genet Genetics Global warming has increased the occurrence of high temperature stress in plants, including maize, resulting in decreased the grain number and yield. Previous studies indicate that heat stress mainly damages the pollen grains and thus lowered maize grain number. Other field studies have shown that heat stress after pollination results in kernel abortion. However, the mechanism by which high temperature affect grain abortion following pollination remains unclear. Hence, this study investigated the field grown heat-resistant maize variety “Zhengdan 958” (ZD958) and heat-sensitive variety “Xianyu 335” (XY335) under a seven-day heat stress treatment (HT) after pollination. Under HT, the grain numbers of XY335 and ZD958 were reduced by 10.9% (p = 0.006) and 5.3% (p = 0.129), respectively. The RNA sequencing analysis showed a higher number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HT and the control in XY335 compared to ZD958. Ribulose diphosphate carboxylase (RuBPCase) genes were downregulated by heat stress, and RuBPCase activity was significantly lowered by 14.1% (p = 0.020) in XY335 and 5.3% (p = 0.436) in ZD958 in comparison to CK. The soluble sugar and starch contents in the grains of XY335 were obviously reduced by 26.1 and 58.5%, respectively, with no distinct change observed in ZD958. Heat stress also inhibited the synthesis of grain starch, as shown by the low activities of metabolism-related enzymes. Under HT, the expression of trehalose metabolism genes in XY335 were upregulated, and these genes may be involved in kernel abortion at high temperature. In conclusion, this study revealed that post-pollination heat stress in maize mainly resulted in reduced carbohydrate availability for grain development, though the heat-resistant ZD958 was nevertheless able to maintain growth. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-10-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8532994/ /pubmed/34691151 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.728166 Text en Copyright © 2021 Niu, Du, Wei, Liu, Tang, Bian, Zhang, Cui and Gao. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Genetics
Niu, Shiduo
Du, Xiong
Wei, Dejie
Liu, Shanshan
Tang, Qian
Bian, Dahong
Zhang, Yarong
Cui, Yanhong
Gao, Zhen
Heat Stress After Pollination Reduces Kernel Number in Maize by Insufficient Assimilates
title Heat Stress After Pollination Reduces Kernel Number in Maize by Insufficient Assimilates
title_full Heat Stress After Pollination Reduces Kernel Number in Maize by Insufficient Assimilates
title_fullStr Heat Stress After Pollination Reduces Kernel Number in Maize by Insufficient Assimilates
title_full_unstemmed Heat Stress After Pollination Reduces Kernel Number in Maize by Insufficient Assimilates
title_short Heat Stress After Pollination Reduces Kernel Number in Maize by Insufficient Assimilates
title_sort heat stress after pollination reduces kernel number in maize by insufficient assimilates
topic Genetics
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8532994/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34691151
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.728166
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