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Time-Dependent Reduction of Calcium Oscillations in Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Differentiating towards Adipogenic and Osteogenic Lineage

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASCs) are multipotent stem cells which can differentiate into various cell types, including osteocytes and adipocytes. Due to their ease of harvesting, multipotency, and low tumorigenicity, they are a prime candidate for the development of novel interventio...

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Autores principales: Torre, Enrico C., Bicer, Mesude, Cottrell, Graeme S., Widera, Darius, Tamagnini, Francesco
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8533133/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34680033
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11101400
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author Torre, Enrico C.
Bicer, Mesude
Cottrell, Graeme S.
Widera, Darius
Tamagnini, Francesco
author_facet Torre, Enrico C.
Bicer, Mesude
Cottrell, Graeme S.
Widera, Darius
Tamagnini, Francesco
author_sort Torre, Enrico C.
collection PubMed
description Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASCs) are multipotent stem cells which can differentiate into various cell types, including osteocytes and adipocytes. Due to their ease of harvesting, multipotency, and low tumorigenicity, they are a prime candidate for the development of novel interventional approaches in regenerative medicine. ASCs exhibit slow, spontaneous Ca(2+) oscillations and the manipulation of Ca(2+) signalling via electrical stimulation was proposed as a potential route for promoting their differentiation in vivo. However, the effects of differentiation-inducing treatments on spontaneous Ca(2+) oscillations in ASCs are not yet fully characterised. In this study, we used 2-photon live Ca(2+) imaging to assess the fraction of cells showing spontaneous oscillations and the frequency of the oscillation (measured as interpeak interval—IPI) in ASCs undergoing osteogenic or adipogenic differentiation, using undifferentiated ASCs as controls. The measurements were carried out at 7, 14, and 21 days in vitro (DIV) to assess the effect of time in culture on Ca(2+) dynamics. We observed that both time and differentiation treatment are important factors associated with a reduced fraction of cells showing Ca(2+) oscillations, paralleled by increased IPI times, in comparison with untreated ASCs. Both adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation resulted in a reduction in Ca(2+) dynamics, such as the fraction of cells showing intracellular Ca(2+) oscillations and their frequency. Adipogenic differentiation was associated with a more pronounced reduction of Ca(2+) dynamics compared to cells differentiating towards the osteogenic fate. Changes in Ca(2+) associated oscillations with a specific treatment had already occurred at 7 DIV. Finally, we observed a reduction in Ca(2+) dynamics over time in untreated ASCs. These data suggest that adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation cell fates are associated with specific changes in spontaneous Ca(2+) dynamics over time. While this observation is interesting and provides useful information to understand the functional correlates of stem cell differentiation, further studies are required to clarify the molecular and mechanistic correlates of these changes. This will allow us to better understand the causal relationship between Ca(2+) dynamics and differentiation, potentially leading to the development of novel, more effective interventions for both bone regeneration and control of adipose growth.
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spelling pubmed-85331332021-10-23 Time-Dependent Reduction of Calcium Oscillations in Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Differentiating towards Adipogenic and Osteogenic Lineage Torre, Enrico C. Bicer, Mesude Cottrell, Graeme S. Widera, Darius Tamagnini, Francesco Biomolecules Article Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASCs) are multipotent stem cells which can differentiate into various cell types, including osteocytes and adipocytes. Due to their ease of harvesting, multipotency, and low tumorigenicity, they are a prime candidate for the development of novel interventional approaches in regenerative medicine. ASCs exhibit slow, spontaneous Ca(2+) oscillations and the manipulation of Ca(2+) signalling via electrical stimulation was proposed as a potential route for promoting their differentiation in vivo. However, the effects of differentiation-inducing treatments on spontaneous Ca(2+) oscillations in ASCs are not yet fully characterised. In this study, we used 2-photon live Ca(2+) imaging to assess the fraction of cells showing spontaneous oscillations and the frequency of the oscillation (measured as interpeak interval—IPI) in ASCs undergoing osteogenic or adipogenic differentiation, using undifferentiated ASCs as controls. The measurements were carried out at 7, 14, and 21 days in vitro (DIV) to assess the effect of time in culture on Ca(2+) dynamics. We observed that both time and differentiation treatment are important factors associated with a reduced fraction of cells showing Ca(2+) oscillations, paralleled by increased IPI times, in comparison with untreated ASCs. Both adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation resulted in a reduction in Ca(2+) dynamics, such as the fraction of cells showing intracellular Ca(2+) oscillations and their frequency. Adipogenic differentiation was associated with a more pronounced reduction of Ca(2+) dynamics compared to cells differentiating towards the osteogenic fate. Changes in Ca(2+) associated oscillations with a specific treatment had already occurred at 7 DIV. Finally, we observed a reduction in Ca(2+) dynamics over time in untreated ASCs. These data suggest that adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation cell fates are associated with specific changes in spontaneous Ca(2+) dynamics over time. While this observation is interesting and provides useful information to understand the functional correlates of stem cell differentiation, further studies are required to clarify the molecular and mechanistic correlates of these changes. This will allow us to better understand the causal relationship between Ca(2+) dynamics and differentiation, potentially leading to the development of novel, more effective interventions for both bone regeneration and control of adipose growth. MDPI 2021-09-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8533133/ /pubmed/34680033 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11101400 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Torre, Enrico C.
Bicer, Mesude
Cottrell, Graeme S.
Widera, Darius
Tamagnini, Francesco
Time-Dependent Reduction of Calcium Oscillations in Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Differentiating towards Adipogenic and Osteogenic Lineage
title Time-Dependent Reduction of Calcium Oscillations in Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Differentiating towards Adipogenic and Osteogenic Lineage
title_full Time-Dependent Reduction of Calcium Oscillations in Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Differentiating towards Adipogenic and Osteogenic Lineage
title_fullStr Time-Dependent Reduction of Calcium Oscillations in Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Differentiating towards Adipogenic and Osteogenic Lineage
title_full_unstemmed Time-Dependent Reduction of Calcium Oscillations in Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Differentiating towards Adipogenic and Osteogenic Lineage
title_short Time-Dependent Reduction of Calcium Oscillations in Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Differentiating towards Adipogenic and Osteogenic Lineage
title_sort time-dependent reduction of calcium oscillations in adipose-derived stem cells differentiating towards adipogenic and osteogenic lineage
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8533133/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34680033
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11101400
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