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The Effect of Antibiotic Treatment of Early Childhood Shigellosis on Long-Term Prevalence of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

It has recently been shown that children with early shigellosis are at increased risk of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study aimed to evaluate the association between antibiotic treatment of shigellosis with long-term ADHD rates. A retrospective cohort study was conducted tha...

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Autores principales: Sadaka, Yair, Freedman, Judah, Ashkenazi, Shai, Vinker, Shlomo, Golan-Cohen, Avivit, Green, Ilan, Israel, Ariel, Eran, Alal, Merzon, Eugene
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8535120/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34682145
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8100880
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author Sadaka, Yair
Freedman, Judah
Ashkenazi, Shai
Vinker, Shlomo
Golan-Cohen, Avivit
Green, Ilan
Israel, Ariel
Eran, Alal
Merzon, Eugene
author_facet Sadaka, Yair
Freedman, Judah
Ashkenazi, Shai
Vinker, Shlomo
Golan-Cohen, Avivit
Green, Ilan
Israel, Ariel
Eran, Alal
Merzon, Eugene
author_sort Sadaka, Yair
collection PubMed
description It has recently been shown that children with early shigellosis are at increased risk of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study aimed to evaluate the association between antibiotic treatment of shigellosis with long-term ADHD rates. A retrospective cohort study was conducted that included all the Leumit Health Services (LHS) enrollees aged 5–18 years between 2000–2018 with a documented Shigella-positive gastroenteritis before the age of 3 years. Of the 5176 children who were positive for Shigella gastroenteritis before the age of 3 years, 972 (18.8%) were treated with antibiotics early (<5 days), 250 (4.8%) were treated late (≥5 days), and 3954 children (76.4%) were not prescribed antibiotics. Late antibiotic treatment was associated with significantly increased rates of ADHD (adjusted OR = 1.61; 95% CI, 1.1–2.3). Early treatment with antibiotics was not associated with increased ADHD rates (adjusted OR = 1.02; 95% CI, 0.8–1.3). In conclusion, late antibiotic treatment of early childhood shigellosis was associated with increased rates of ADHD.
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spelling pubmed-85351202021-10-23 The Effect of Antibiotic Treatment of Early Childhood Shigellosis on Long-Term Prevalence of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Sadaka, Yair Freedman, Judah Ashkenazi, Shai Vinker, Shlomo Golan-Cohen, Avivit Green, Ilan Israel, Ariel Eran, Alal Merzon, Eugene Children (Basel) Article It has recently been shown that children with early shigellosis are at increased risk of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study aimed to evaluate the association between antibiotic treatment of shigellosis with long-term ADHD rates. A retrospective cohort study was conducted that included all the Leumit Health Services (LHS) enrollees aged 5–18 years between 2000–2018 with a documented Shigella-positive gastroenteritis before the age of 3 years. Of the 5176 children who were positive for Shigella gastroenteritis before the age of 3 years, 972 (18.8%) were treated with antibiotics early (<5 days), 250 (4.8%) were treated late (≥5 days), and 3954 children (76.4%) were not prescribed antibiotics. Late antibiotic treatment was associated with significantly increased rates of ADHD (adjusted OR = 1.61; 95% CI, 1.1–2.3). Early treatment with antibiotics was not associated with increased ADHD rates (adjusted OR = 1.02; 95% CI, 0.8–1.3). In conclusion, late antibiotic treatment of early childhood shigellosis was associated with increased rates of ADHD. MDPI 2021-10-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8535120/ /pubmed/34682145 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8100880 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Sadaka, Yair
Freedman, Judah
Ashkenazi, Shai
Vinker, Shlomo
Golan-Cohen, Avivit
Green, Ilan
Israel, Ariel
Eran, Alal
Merzon, Eugene
The Effect of Antibiotic Treatment of Early Childhood Shigellosis on Long-Term Prevalence of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
title The Effect of Antibiotic Treatment of Early Childhood Shigellosis on Long-Term Prevalence of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
title_full The Effect of Antibiotic Treatment of Early Childhood Shigellosis on Long-Term Prevalence of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
title_fullStr The Effect of Antibiotic Treatment of Early Childhood Shigellosis on Long-Term Prevalence of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
title_full_unstemmed The Effect of Antibiotic Treatment of Early Childhood Shigellosis on Long-Term Prevalence of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
title_short The Effect of Antibiotic Treatment of Early Childhood Shigellosis on Long-Term Prevalence of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
title_sort effect of antibiotic treatment of early childhood shigellosis on long-term prevalence of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8535120/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34682145
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8100880
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