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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Self-Reported Perfume Sensitivity in Saudi Arabia
Perfumes are widely used products; however, several fragrance substances used in perfuming are well-established allergenic substances and have been attributed to various adverse health reactions. The nature and significance of perfume sensitivity reactions have not been thoroughly investigated. Ther...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8535261/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34682928 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9101248 |
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author | Alrasheed, Meshael Albalawi, Omar Aljallal, Mohammed Alqahtani, Amani S. |
author_facet | Alrasheed, Meshael Albalawi, Omar Aljallal, Mohammed Alqahtani, Amani S. |
author_sort | Alrasheed, Meshael |
collection | PubMed |
description | Perfumes are widely used products; however, several fragrance substances used in perfuming are well-established allergenic substances and have been attributed to various adverse health reactions. The nature and significance of perfume sensitivity reactions have not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the prevalence, nature, and associated risk factors of self-reported perfume sensitivity among the general population in Saudi Arabia. A nationally representative cross-sectional study was conducted among adults in Saudi Arabia in October 2020. Significant associated risk factors were explored using multivariate regression analyses. A total of 1078 participants completed the survey, with a mean age of 36.7 years (SD ± 10.36). Perfume sensitivity reactions were reported in 14.6% of participants. From among these participants, 17.8% reported moderate to severe reactions. Respiratory and skin symptoms were the most reported reactions, with total rates of 40.1% and 35.7%, respectively. History of asthma (OR = 3.2, 95%CI 1.88–4.37, p < 0.001) and the use of counterfeit perfume products (OR = 1.9, 95%CI 1.23–2.94, p < 0.003) were significantly associated with a higher risk of perfume sensitivity. Our study revealed that a considerable number of the general population in Saudi Arabia has experienced adverse health reactions due to perfume products. The enormous volume of the perfume market thus necessitates further quantitative analysis studies to determine the presence of allergenic fragrance substances in perfumes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8535261 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85352612021-10-23 Prevalence and Risk Factors of Self-Reported Perfume Sensitivity in Saudi Arabia Alrasheed, Meshael Albalawi, Omar Aljallal, Mohammed Alqahtani, Amani S. Healthcare (Basel) Article Perfumes are widely used products; however, several fragrance substances used in perfuming are well-established allergenic substances and have been attributed to various adverse health reactions. The nature and significance of perfume sensitivity reactions have not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the prevalence, nature, and associated risk factors of self-reported perfume sensitivity among the general population in Saudi Arabia. A nationally representative cross-sectional study was conducted among adults in Saudi Arabia in October 2020. Significant associated risk factors were explored using multivariate regression analyses. A total of 1078 participants completed the survey, with a mean age of 36.7 years (SD ± 10.36). Perfume sensitivity reactions were reported in 14.6% of participants. From among these participants, 17.8% reported moderate to severe reactions. Respiratory and skin symptoms were the most reported reactions, with total rates of 40.1% and 35.7%, respectively. History of asthma (OR = 3.2, 95%CI 1.88–4.37, p < 0.001) and the use of counterfeit perfume products (OR = 1.9, 95%CI 1.23–2.94, p < 0.003) were significantly associated with a higher risk of perfume sensitivity. Our study revealed that a considerable number of the general population in Saudi Arabia has experienced adverse health reactions due to perfume products. The enormous volume of the perfume market thus necessitates further quantitative analysis studies to determine the presence of allergenic fragrance substances in perfumes. MDPI 2021-09-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8535261/ /pubmed/34682928 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9101248 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Alrasheed, Meshael Albalawi, Omar Aljallal, Mohammed Alqahtani, Amani S. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Self-Reported Perfume Sensitivity in Saudi Arabia |
title | Prevalence and Risk Factors of Self-Reported Perfume Sensitivity in Saudi Arabia |
title_full | Prevalence and Risk Factors of Self-Reported Perfume Sensitivity in Saudi Arabia |
title_fullStr | Prevalence and Risk Factors of Self-Reported Perfume Sensitivity in Saudi Arabia |
title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and Risk Factors of Self-Reported Perfume Sensitivity in Saudi Arabia |
title_short | Prevalence and Risk Factors of Self-Reported Perfume Sensitivity in Saudi Arabia |
title_sort | prevalence and risk factors of self-reported perfume sensitivity in saudi arabia |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8535261/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34682928 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9101248 |
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