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Assessment of the Impact on Human Health of the Presence of Norovirus in Bivalve Molluscs: What Data Do We Miss?

In the latest One Health ECDC EFSA technical report, Norovirus in fish and fishery products have been listed as the agent/food pair causing the highest number of strong-evidence outbreaks in the EU in 2019. This review aims to identify data gaps that must be filled in order to increase knowledge on...

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Autores principales: Savini, Federica, Giacometti, Federica, Tomasello, Federico, Pollesel, Marta, Piva, Silvia, Serraino, Andrea, De Cesare, Alessandra
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8535557/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34681492
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10102444
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author Savini, Federica
Giacometti, Federica
Tomasello, Federico
Pollesel, Marta
Piva, Silvia
Serraino, Andrea
De Cesare, Alessandra
author_facet Savini, Federica
Giacometti, Federica
Tomasello, Federico
Pollesel, Marta
Piva, Silvia
Serraino, Andrea
De Cesare, Alessandra
author_sort Savini, Federica
collection PubMed
description In the latest One Health ECDC EFSA technical report, Norovirus in fish and fishery products have been listed as the agent/food pair causing the highest number of strong-evidence outbreaks in the EU in 2019. This review aims to identify data gaps that must be filled in order to increase knowledge on Norovirus in bivalve molluscs, perform a risk assessment and rank the key mitigation strategies for this biological hazard, which is relevant to public health. Virologic determinations are not included in any of the food safety and process hygiene microbiologic criteria reflected in the current European regulations. In addition, the Escherichia coli-based indices of acceptable faecal contamination for primary production, as well as the food safety criteria, do not appear sufficient to indicate the extent of Norovirus contamination. The qualitative risk assessment data collected in this review suggests that bivalve molluscs present a high risk to human health for Norovirus only when consumed raw or when insufficiently cooked. On the contrary, the risk can be considered negligible when they are cooked at a high temperature, while information is still scarce for non-thermal treatments.
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spelling pubmed-85355572021-10-23 Assessment of the Impact on Human Health of the Presence of Norovirus in Bivalve Molluscs: What Data Do We Miss? Savini, Federica Giacometti, Federica Tomasello, Federico Pollesel, Marta Piva, Silvia Serraino, Andrea De Cesare, Alessandra Foods Review In the latest One Health ECDC EFSA technical report, Norovirus in fish and fishery products have been listed as the agent/food pair causing the highest number of strong-evidence outbreaks in the EU in 2019. This review aims to identify data gaps that must be filled in order to increase knowledge on Norovirus in bivalve molluscs, perform a risk assessment and rank the key mitigation strategies for this biological hazard, which is relevant to public health. Virologic determinations are not included in any of the food safety and process hygiene microbiologic criteria reflected in the current European regulations. In addition, the Escherichia coli-based indices of acceptable faecal contamination for primary production, as well as the food safety criteria, do not appear sufficient to indicate the extent of Norovirus contamination. The qualitative risk assessment data collected in this review suggests that bivalve molluscs present a high risk to human health for Norovirus only when consumed raw or when insufficiently cooked. On the contrary, the risk can be considered negligible when they are cooked at a high temperature, while information is still scarce for non-thermal treatments. MDPI 2021-10-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8535557/ /pubmed/34681492 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10102444 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Savini, Federica
Giacometti, Federica
Tomasello, Federico
Pollesel, Marta
Piva, Silvia
Serraino, Andrea
De Cesare, Alessandra
Assessment of the Impact on Human Health of the Presence of Norovirus in Bivalve Molluscs: What Data Do We Miss?
title Assessment of the Impact on Human Health of the Presence of Norovirus in Bivalve Molluscs: What Data Do We Miss?
title_full Assessment of the Impact on Human Health of the Presence of Norovirus in Bivalve Molluscs: What Data Do We Miss?
title_fullStr Assessment of the Impact on Human Health of the Presence of Norovirus in Bivalve Molluscs: What Data Do We Miss?
title_full_unstemmed Assessment of the Impact on Human Health of the Presence of Norovirus in Bivalve Molluscs: What Data Do We Miss?
title_short Assessment of the Impact on Human Health of the Presence of Norovirus in Bivalve Molluscs: What Data Do We Miss?
title_sort assessment of the impact on human health of the presence of norovirus in bivalve molluscs: what data do we miss?
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8535557/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34681492
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10102444
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