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Loneliness and Depression among Women in Poland during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has forced many changes in the functioning of people all over the world in a short period of time. According to a WHO report (2020), it is women who are at a particular risk of the negative effects of the pandemic, especially in terms of mental health. Aim of study:...

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Autores principales: Idzik(199), Anna, Leńczuk-Gruba, Anna, Kobos, Ewa, Pietrzak, Mariola, Dziedzic, Beata
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8535819/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34682443
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010698
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author Idzik(199), Anna
Leńczuk-Gruba, Anna
Kobos, Ewa
Pietrzak, Mariola
Dziedzic, Beata
author_facet Idzik(199), Anna
Leńczuk-Gruba, Anna
Kobos, Ewa
Pietrzak, Mariola
Dziedzic, Beata
author_sort Idzik(199), Anna
collection PubMed
description Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has forced many changes in the functioning of people all over the world in a short period of time. According to a WHO report (2020), it is women who are at a particular risk of the negative effects of the pandemic, especially in terms of mental health. Aim of study: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of anxiety, depression, irritability, and loneliness among adult women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods: The study was conducted on a representative sample of women in Poland (n = 452). The data were collected using the HADS-M scale and the R-UCLA scale. Results: A low level of loneliness was found in 37.3% of the women, moderate in 38.9%, moderately high in 22.3% and very high in 1.3% of women. Self-rating of physical and mental health was significantly positively correlated with anxiety, depression, and irritability in HADS-M, and loneliness in R-UCLA. As the severity of loneliness increased, so did Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores on all subscales (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The study group presented with mental well-being disorders in the form of anxiety and depression. Two in three women experienced loneliness.
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spelling pubmed-85358192021-10-23 Loneliness and Depression among Women in Poland during the COVID-19 Pandemic Idzik(199), Anna Leńczuk-Gruba, Anna Kobos, Ewa Pietrzak, Mariola Dziedzic, Beata Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has forced many changes in the functioning of people all over the world in a short period of time. According to a WHO report (2020), it is women who are at a particular risk of the negative effects of the pandemic, especially in terms of mental health. Aim of study: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of anxiety, depression, irritability, and loneliness among adult women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods: The study was conducted on a representative sample of women in Poland (n = 452). The data were collected using the HADS-M scale and the R-UCLA scale. Results: A low level of loneliness was found in 37.3% of the women, moderate in 38.9%, moderately high in 22.3% and very high in 1.3% of women. Self-rating of physical and mental health was significantly positively correlated with anxiety, depression, and irritability in HADS-M, and loneliness in R-UCLA. As the severity of loneliness increased, so did Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores on all subscales (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The study group presented with mental well-being disorders in the form of anxiety and depression. Two in three women experienced loneliness. MDPI 2021-10-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8535819/ /pubmed/34682443 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010698 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Idzik(199), Anna
Leńczuk-Gruba, Anna
Kobos, Ewa
Pietrzak, Mariola
Dziedzic, Beata
Loneliness and Depression among Women in Poland during the COVID-19 Pandemic
title Loneliness and Depression among Women in Poland during the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_full Loneliness and Depression among Women in Poland during the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_fullStr Loneliness and Depression among Women in Poland during the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_full_unstemmed Loneliness and Depression among Women in Poland during the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_short Loneliness and Depression among Women in Poland during the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_sort loneliness and depression among women in poland during the covid-19 pandemic
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8535819/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34682443
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010698
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