Self-Determination Competencies, (Dis)Agreement in Decision-Making, and Personal Well-Being of Adults with Mild Intellectual Disabilities in Hong Kong

Background: The self-determination of people with an intellectual disability (ID) in the contexts of adulthood and Chinese culture is under-examined in the field of ID, even though the concept of self-determination has vigorously developed in recent decades. This study examined the relationship between self-determination competencies and the personal well-being of adults with mild ID in Hong Kong, as well as their personal goals and decision-making (dis)agreements with their significant others. Methods: We interviewed 170 participants using the AIR Self-Determination Scale—Chinese Version (AIR SDS-C) and the Personal Well-Being—Intellectual Disability (Cantonese) (PWI-C), along with a self-constructed questionnaire. Results: When the demographic characteristics were controlled, self-determination competencies correlated positively with personal well-being (r = 0.313, p < 0.001), diverse personal goals were identified, and agreement with significant others was dominant in both daily and major decision-making. Conclusions: A positive correlation between self-determination and personal well-being was confirmed in a Chinese population with mild ID. These findings expand the understanding of the types of personal goals and agreement patterns of people with mild ID and yield implications for further research and practices.