Cargando…
Greener Is Better: First Approach for the Use of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) to Extract Antioxidants from the Medicinal Halophyte Polygonum maritimum L.
In this study, natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) formed by choline chloride (ChCl), sucrose, fructose, glucose, and xylose, were used to extract antioxidants from the halophyte Polygonum maritimum L. (sea knotgrass) and compared with conventional solvents (ethanol and acetone). NADES and conven...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8536975/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34684717 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26206136 |
_version_ | 1784588137518858240 |
---|---|
author | Rukavina, Iva Rodrigues, Maria João Pereira, Catarina G. Mansinhos, Inês Romano, Anabela Ślusarczyk, Sylwester Matkowski, Adam Custódio, Luísa |
author_facet | Rukavina, Iva Rodrigues, Maria João Pereira, Catarina G. Mansinhos, Inês Romano, Anabela Ślusarczyk, Sylwester Matkowski, Adam Custódio, Luísa |
author_sort | Rukavina, Iva |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this study, natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) formed by choline chloride (ChCl), sucrose, fructose, glucose, and xylose, were used to extract antioxidants from the halophyte Polygonum maritimum L. (sea knotgrass) and compared with conventional solvents (ethanol and acetone). NADES and conventional extracts were made by an ultrasound-assisted procedure and evaluated for in vitro antioxidant properties by the radical scavenging activity (RSA) on the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and copper chelating activity (CCA). Samples were profiled by liquid chromatography (LC)-electrospray ionization (ESI)-QTOF-MS analysis. ChCl:fructose was more efficient in the DPPH assay, than the acetone extract. ChCl:sucrose and ChCl:fructose extracts had the highest ORAC when compared with the acetone extract. NADES extracts had higher CCA, than the acetone extract. The phenolic composition of the NADES extracts was less complex than the conventional extracts, but the proportions of major antioxidants, such as flavonols and flavan-3-ols, were similar in all the solvents. Myricitrin was the major flavonoid in all of the samples, while gallic acid was the main phenolic acid in the conventional extracts and present in a greater amount in ChCl:fructose. Results suggest that NADES containing ChCl and sucrose/fructose can replace conventional solvents, especially acetone, in the extraction of antioxidants from sea knotgrass. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8536975 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85369752021-10-24 Greener Is Better: First Approach for the Use of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) to Extract Antioxidants from the Medicinal Halophyte Polygonum maritimum L. Rukavina, Iva Rodrigues, Maria João Pereira, Catarina G. Mansinhos, Inês Romano, Anabela Ślusarczyk, Sylwester Matkowski, Adam Custódio, Luísa Molecules Article In this study, natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) formed by choline chloride (ChCl), sucrose, fructose, glucose, and xylose, were used to extract antioxidants from the halophyte Polygonum maritimum L. (sea knotgrass) and compared with conventional solvents (ethanol and acetone). NADES and conventional extracts were made by an ultrasound-assisted procedure and evaluated for in vitro antioxidant properties by the radical scavenging activity (RSA) on the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and copper chelating activity (CCA). Samples were profiled by liquid chromatography (LC)-electrospray ionization (ESI)-QTOF-MS analysis. ChCl:fructose was more efficient in the DPPH assay, than the acetone extract. ChCl:sucrose and ChCl:fructose extracts had the highest ORAC when compared with the acetone extract. NADES extracts had higher CCA, than the acetone extract. The phenolic composition of the NADES extracts was less complex than the conventional extracts, but the proportions of major antioxidants, such as flavonols and flavan-3-ols, were similar in all the solvents. Myricitrin was the major flavonoid in all of the samples, while gallic acid was the main phenolic acid in the conventional extracts and present in a greater amount in ChCl:fructose. Results suggest that NADES containing ChCl and sucrose/fructose can replace conventional solvents, especially acetone, in the extraction of antioxidants from sea knotgrass. MDPI 2021-10-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8536975/ /pubmed/34684717 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26206136 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Rukavina, Iva Rodrigues, Maria João Pereira, Catarina G. Mansinhos, Inês Romano, Anabela Ślusarczyk, Sylwester Matkowski, Adam Custódio, Luísa Greener Is Better: First Approach for the Use of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) to Extract Antioxidants from the Medicinal Halophyte Polygonum maritimum L. |
title | Greener Is Better: First Approach for the Use of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) to Extract Antioxidants from the Medicinal Halophyte Polygonum maritimum L. |
title_full | Greener Is Better: First Approach for the Use of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) to Extract Antioxidants from the Medicinal Halophyte Polygonum maritimum L. |
title_fullStr | Greener Is Better: First Approach for the Use of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) to Extract Antioxidants from the Medicinal Halophyte Polygonum maritimum L. |
title_full_unstemmed | Greener Is Better: First Approach for the Use of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) to Extract Antioxidants from the Medicinal Halophyte Polygonum maritimum L. |
title_short | Greener Is Better: First Approach for the Use of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) to Extract Antioxidants from the Medicinal Halophyte Polygonum maritimum L. |
title_sort | greener is better: first approach for the use of natural deep eutectic solvents (nades) to extract antioxidants from the medicinal halophyte polygonum maritimum l. |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8536975/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34684717 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26206136 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT rukavinaiva greenerisbetterfirstapproachfortheuseofnaturaldeepeutecticsolventsnadestoextractantioxidantsfromthemedicinalhalophytepolygonummaritimuml AT rodriguesmariajoao greenerisbetterfirstapproachfortheuseofnaturaldeepeutecticsolventsnadestoextractantioxidantsfromthemedicinalhalophytepolygonummaritimuml AT pereiracatarinag greenerisbetterfirstapproachfortheuseofnaturaldeepeutecticsolventsnadestoextractantioxidantsfromthemedicinalhalophytepolygonummaritimuml AT mansinhosines greenerisbetterfirstapproachfortheuseofnaturaldeepeutecticsolventsnadestoextractantioxidantsfromthemedicinalhalophytepolygonummaritimuml AT romanoanabela greenerisbetterfirstapproachfortheuseofnaturaldeepeutecticsolventsnadestoextractantioxidantsfromthemedicinalhalophytepolygonummaritimuml AT slusarczyksylwester greenerisbetterfirstapproachfortheuseofnaturaldeepeutecticsolventsnadestoextractantioxidantsfromthemedicinalhalophytepolygonummaritimuml AT matkowskiadam greenerisbetterfirstapproachfortheuseofnaturaldeepeutecticsolventsnadestoextractantioxidantsfromthemedicinalhalophytepolygonummaritimuml AT custodioluisa greenerisbetterfirstapproachfortheuseofnaturaldeepeutecticsolventsnadestoextractantioxidantsfromthemedicinalhalophytepolygonummaritimuml |