Optical Fiber Sensor for Temperature and Strain Measurement Based on Multimode Interference and Square-Core Fiber

A variety of specialty fibers such as no-core fiber (NCF) have already been studied to reveal their sensing abilities. In this work, we investigate a specialty fiber, square-core fiber, for temperature and strain sensing. A simple single-mode–multimode–single-mode (SMS) fiber sensor was fabricated, consisting of a 30-cm-long square-core fiber. The experimental results indicate that the maximal wavelength-temperature and wavelength-strain sensitivities are −15.3 pm/ [Formula: see text] C and −1.5 pm/ [Formula: see text] , respectively, while the maximal power-temperature and power-strain sensitivities are 0.0896 dBm/ [Formula: see text] C and 0.0756 dBm/ [Formula: see text]. Analysis of the results suggests that the fiber sensor has the potential to be used as a high-sensitivity temperature sensor with a low strain sensitivity.