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Global and Regional Patterns in Noncommunicable Diseases and Dietary Factors across National Income Levels

Background: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading global cause of death and share common risk factors. Little quantitative data are available on the patterns of each NCDs death and dietary factors by national income level and region. We aimed to identify the trend of NCDs deaths and dietar...

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Autores principales: Kang, Sooyoung, Kang, Minji, Lim, Hyunjung
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8537506/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34684595
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13103595
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author Kang, Sooyoung
Kang, Minji
Lim, Hyunjung
author_facet Kang, Sooyoung
Kang, Minji
Lim, Hyunjung
author_sort Kang, Sooyoung
collection PubMed
description Background: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading global cause of death and share common risk factors. Little quantitative data are available on the patterns of each NCDs death and dietary factors by national income level and region. We aimed to identify the trend of NCDs deaths and dietary factors with other health-related behaviors across national income levels and geographical regions. Methods: Three databases were collected, including the World Health Organization, Food and Agriculture Organization, and World Bank in 2014. These were analyzed to describe the trend for NCDs deaths and dietary factors with health-related behaviors across national income levels (high income, upper-middle income, lower-middle income, and low income) from 151 countries using variance-weighted least-squares linear regression. Results: Lower-middle-income and low-income countries in Africa and Asia had higher death rates of NCDs. More than 30% of the population had raised blood pressure with higher carbohydrate intake and lower protein and fat intake compared to high-income European countries in 2014. High-income countries had the highest prevalence of raised total cholesterol, overweight, and obesity, the highest total energy, fat, and protein intake, and the highest supplies of animal fat, stimulants, sugar and sweetener, vegetable oil, and milk, as well as insufficient activity with an increasing trend (p for trend < 0.001). Conclusion: There were differences in NCDs risk factors and dietary factors by national income and region. Accordingly, measures should be taken to suit the situation in each country. Our findings have significance for health workers and health policies preventing and controlling the rise of NCDs.
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spelling pubmed-85375062021-10-24 Global and Regional Patterns in Noncommunicable Diseases and Dietary Factors across National Income Levels Kang, Sooyoung Kang, Minji Lim, Hyunjung Nutrients Article Background: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading global cause of death and share common risk factors. Little quantitative data are available on the patterns of each NCDs death and dietary factors by national income level and region. We aimed to identify the trend of NCDs deaths and dietary factors with other health-related behaviors across national income levels and geographical regions. Methods: Three databases were collected, including the World Health Organization, Food and Agriculture Organization, and World Bank in 2014. These were analyzed to describe the trend for NCDs deaths and dietary factors with health-related behaviors across national income levels (high income, upper-middle income, lower-middle income, and low income) from 151 countries using variance-weighted least-squares linear regression. Results: Lower-middle-income and low-income countries in Africa and Asia had higher death rates of NCDs. More than 30% of the population had raised blood pressure with higher carbohydrate intake and lower protein and fat intake compared to high-income European countries in 2014. High-income countries had the highest prevalence of raised total cholesterol, overweight, and obesity, the highest total energy, fat, and protein intake, and the highest supplies of animal fat, stimulants, sugar and sweetener, vegetable oil, and milk, as well as insufficient activity with an increasing trend (p for trend < 0.001). Conclusion: There were differences in NCDs risk factors and dietary factors by national income and region. Accordingly, measures should be taken to suit the situation in each country. Our findings have significance for health workers and health policies preventing and controlling the rise of NCDs. MDPI 2021-10-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8537506/ /pubmed/34684595 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13103595 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Kang, Sooyoung
Kang, Minji
Lim, Hyunjung
Global and Regional Patterns in Noncommunicable Diseases and Dietary Factors across National Income Levels
title Global and Regional Patterns in Noncommunicable Diseases and Dietary Factors across National Income Levels
title_full Global and Regional Patterns in Noncommunicable Diseases and Dietary Factors across National Income Levels
title_fullStr Global and Regional Patterns in Noncommunicable Diseases and Dietary Factors across National Income Levels
title_full_unstemmed Global and Regional Patterns in Noncommunicable Diseases and Dietary Factors across National Income Levels
title_short Global and Regional Patterns in Noncommunicable Diseases and Dietary Factors across National Income Levels
title_sort global and regional patterns in noncommunicable diseases and dietary factors across national income levels
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8537506/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34684595
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13103595
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