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Co-Processed Olive Oils with Thymus mastichina L.—New Product Optimization
Olive co-processing consists of the addition of ingredients either in the mill or in the malaxator. This technique allows selecting the type of olives, the ingredients with the greatest flavoring and bioactive potential, and the technological extraction conditions. A new product—a gourmet flavored o...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8537660/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34685419 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11101048 |
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author | Peres, Fátima Roldão, Marta Mourato, Miguel Martins, Luisa L. Ferreira-Dias, Suzana |
author_facet | Peres, Fátima Roldão, Marta Mourato, Miguel Martins, Luisa L. Ferreira-Dias, Suzana |
author_sort | Peres, Fátima |
collection | PubMed |
description | Olive co-processing consists of the addition of ingredients either in the mill or in the malaxator. This technique allows selecting the type of olives, the ingredients with the greatest flavoring and bioactive potential, and the technological extraction conditions. A new product—a gourmet flavored oil—was developed by co-processing olives with Thymus mastichina L. The trials were performed using overripe fruits with low aroma potential (cv. ‘Galega Vulgar’; ripening index 6.4). Experimental conditions were dictated by a central composite rotatable design (CCRD) as a function of thyme (0.4−4.6%, w/w) and water (8.3−19.7%, w/w) contents used in malaxation. A flavored oil was also obtained by adding 2.5% thyme during milling, followed by 14% water addition in the malaxator (central point conditions of CCRD). The chemical characterization of the raw materials, as well as the analysis of the flavored and unflavored oils, were performed (chemical quality criteria, sensory analysis, major fatty acid composition, and phenolic compounds). Considering chemical quality criteria, the flavored oils have the characteristics of “Virgin Olive Oil” (VOO), but they cannot have this classification due to legislation issues. Flavored oils obtained under optimized co-processing conditions (thyme concentrations > 3.5−4.0% and water contents varying from 14 to 18%) presented higher phenolic contents and biologic value than the non-flavored VOO. In flavored oils, thyme flavor was detected with high intensity, while the defect of “wet wood”, perceived in VOO, was not detected. The flavored oil, obtained by T. mastichina addition in the mill, showed higher oxidative stability (19.03 h) than the VOO and the co-processed oil with thyme addition in the malaxator (14.07 h), even after six-month storage in the dark (16.6 vs. 10.3 h). |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8537660 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85376602021-10-24 Co-Processed Olive Oils with Thymus mastichina L.—New Product Optimization Peres, Fátima Roldão, Marta Mourato, Miguel Martins, Luisa L. Ferreira-Dias, Suzana Life (Basel) Article Olive co-processing consists of the addition of ingredients either in the mill or in the malaxator. This technique allows selecting the type of olives, the ingredients with the greatest flavoring and bioactive potential, and the technological extraction conditions. A new product—a gourmet flavored oil—was developed by co-processing olives with Thymus mastichina L. The trials were performed using overripe fruits with low aroma potential (cv. ‘Galega Vulgar’; ripening index 6.4). Experimental conditions were dictated by a central composite rotatable design (CCRD) as a function of thyme (0.4−4.6%, w/w) and water (8.3−19.7%, w/w) contents used in malaxation. A flavored oil was also obtained by adding 2.5% thyme during milling, followed by 14% water addition in the malaxator (central point conditions of CCRD). The chemical characterization of the raw materials, as well as the analysis of the flavored and unflavored oils, were performed (chemical quality criteria, sensory analysis, major fatty acid composition, and phenolic compounds). Considering chemical quality criteria, the flavored oils have the characteristics of “Virgin Olive Oil” (VOO), but they cannot have this classification due to legislation issues. Flavored oils obtained under optimized co-processing conditions (thyme concentrations > 3.5−4.0% and water contents varying from 14 to 18%) presented higher phenolic contents and biologic value than the non-flavored VOO. In flavored oils, thyme flavor was detected with high intensity, while the defect of “wet wood”, perceived in VOO, was not detected. The flavored oil, obtained by T. mastichina addition in the mill, showed higher oxidative stability (19.03 h) than the VOO and the co-processed oil with thyme addition in the malaxator (14.07 h), even after six-month storage in the dark (16.6 vs. 10.3 h). MDPI 2021-10-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8537660/ /pubmed/34685419 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11101048 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Peres, Fátima Roldão, Marta Mourato, Miguel Martins, Luisa L. Ferreira-Dias, Suzana Co-Processed Olive Oils with Thymus mastichina L.—New Product Optimization |
title | Co-Processed Olive Oils with Thymus mastichina L.—New Product Optimization |
title_full | Co-Processed Olive Oils with Thymus mastichina L.—New Product Optimization |
title_fullStr | Co-Processed Olive Oils with Thymus mastichina L.—New Product Optimization |
title_full_unstemmed | Co-Processed Olive Oils with Thymus mastichina L.—New Product Optimization |
title_short | Co-Processed Olive Oils with Thymus mastichina L.—New Product Optimization |
title_sort | co-processed olive oils with thymus mastichina l.—new product optimization |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8537660/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34685419 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11101048 |
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