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Passive Immunisation against RHDV2 Induces Protection against Disease but Not Infection

Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2) is a lagovirus in the family Caliciviridae. The closely related Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV, termed RHDV1 throughout this manuscript for clarity) has been used extensively as a biocontrol agent in Australia since the mid-1990s to manage wild ra...

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Autores principales: Hall, Robyn N., King, Tegan, O’Connor, Tiffany W., Read, Andrew J., Vrankovic, Sylvia, Piper, Melissa, Strive, Tanja
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8537872/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34696305
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9101197
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author Hall, Robyn N.
King, Tegan
O’Connor, Tiffany W.
Read, Andrew J.
Vrankovic, Sylvia
Piper, Melissa
Strive, Tanja
author_facet Hall, Robyn N.
King, Tegan
O’Connor, Tiffany W.
Read, Andrew J.
Vrankovic, Sylvia
Piper, Melissa
Strive, Tanja
author_sort Hall, Robyn N.
collection PubMed
description Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2) is a lagovirus in the family Caliciviridae. The closely related Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV, termed RHDV1 throughout this manuscript for clarity) has been used extensively as a biocontrol agent in Australia since the mid-1990s to manage wild rabbit populations, a major economic and environmental pest species. Releasing RHDV1 into populations with a high proportion of rabbits less than 8–10 weeks of age leads to non-lethal infection in many of these young animals, with subsequent seroconversion and long-term immunity against reinfection. In contrast, RHDV2 causes lethal disease even in young rabbits, potentially offering substantial benefits for rabbit management programs over RHDV1. However, it is not clear how acquired resistance from maternal antibodies may influence immunity after RHDV2 infection. In this study, we assessed serological responses after RHDV2 challenge in young rabbits of three different ages (5-, 7-, or 9-weeks-old) that were passively immunised with either high- (titre of 2560 by RHDV IgG ELISA; 2.41 mg/mL total protein) or low- (titre of 160–640 by RHDV IgG ELISA; 1.41 mg/mL total protein) dose RHDV2 IgG to simulate maternal antibodies. All rabbits treated with a high dose and 75% of those treated with a low dose of RHDV2 IgG survived virus challenge. Surviving animals developed robust lagovirus-specific IgA, IgM, and IgG responses within 10 days post infection. These findings demonstrate that the protection against RHDV2 conferred by passive immunisation is not sterilising. Correspondingly, this suggests that the presence of maternal antibodies in wild rabbit populations may impede the effectiveness of RHDV2 as a biocontrol.
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spelling pubmed-85378722021-10-24 Passive Immunisation against RHDV2 Induces Protection against Disease but Not Infection Hall, Robyn N. King, Tegan O’Connor, Tiffany W. Read, Andrew J. Vrankovic, Sylvia Piper, Melissa Strive, Tanja Vaccines (Basel) Article Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2) is a lagovirus in the family Caliciviridae. The closely related Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV, termed RHDV1 throughout this manuscript for clarity) has been used extensively as a biocontrol agent in Australia since the mid-1990s to manage wild rabbit populations, a major economic and environmental pest species. Releasing RHDV1 into populations with a high proportion of rabbits less than 8–10 weeks of age leads to non-lethal infection in many of these young animals, with subsequent seroconversion and long-term immunity against reinfection. In contrast, RHDV2 causes lethal disease even in young rabbits, potentially offering substantial benefits for rabbit management programs over RHDV1. However, it is not clear how acquired resistance from maternal antibodies may influence immunity after RHDV2 infection. In this study, we assessed serological responses after RHDV2 challenge in young rabbits of three different ages (5-, 7-, or 9-weeks-old) that were passively immunised with either high- (titre of 2560 by RHDV IgG ELISA; 2.41 mg/mL total protein) or low- (titre of 160–640 by RHDV IgG ELISA; 1.41 mg/mL total protein) dose RHDV2 IgG to simulate maternal antibodies. All rabbits treated with a high dose and 75% of those treated with a low dose of RHDV2 IgG survived virus challenge. Surviving animals developed robust lagovirus-specific IgA, IgM, and IgG responses within 10 days post infection. These findings demonstrate that the protection against RHDV2 conferred by passive immunisation is not sterilising. Correspondingly, this suggests that the presence of maternal antibodies in wild rabbit populations may impede the effectiveness of RHDV2 as a biocontrol. MDPI 2021-10-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8537872/ /pubmed/34696305 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9101197 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Hall, Robyn N.
King, Tegan
O’Connor, Tiffany W.
Read, Andrew J.
Vrankovic, Sylvia
Piper, Melissa
Strive, Tanja
Passive Immunisation against RHDV2 Induces Protection against Disease but Not Infection
title Passive Immunisation against RHDV2 Induces Protection against Disease but Not Infection
title_full Passive Immunisation against RHDV2 Induces Protection against Disease but Not Infection
title_fullStr Passive Immunisation against RHDV2 Induces Protection against Disease but Not Infection
title_full_unstemmed Passive Immunisation against RHDV2 Induces Protection against Disease but Not Infection
title_short Passive Immunisation against RHDV2 Induces Protection against Disease but Not Infection
title_sort passive immunisation against rhdv2 induces protection against disease but not infection
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8537872/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34696305
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9101197
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