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The Physiological and Biochemical Responses of European Chestnut (Castanea sativa L.) to Blight Fungus (Cryphonectria parasitica (Murill) Barr)

The most important disease of European chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) is chestnut blight caused by the fungus Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) Barr which induces yield reduction in Europe and North America. This study aimed to investigate the impacts of C. parasitica infection on the physiologic...

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Autores principales: Kovács, Gabriella Enikő, Szőke, Lóránt, Tóth, Brigitta, Kovács, Béla, Bojtor, Csaba, Illés, Árpád, Radócz, László, Moloi, Makoena Joyce
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8537955/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34685944
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10102136
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author Kovács, Gabriella Enikő
Szőke, Lóránt
Tóth, Brigitta
Kovács, Béla
Bojtor, Csaba
Illés, Árpád
Radócz, László
Moloi, Makoena Joyce
Radócz, László
author_facet Kovács, Gabriella Enikő
Szőke, Lóránt
Tóth, Brigitta
Kovács, Béla
Bojtor, Csaba
Illés, Árpád
Radócz, László
Moloi, Makoena Joyce
Radócz, László
author_sort Kovács, Gabriella Enikő
collection PubMed
description The most important disease of European chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) is chestnut blight caused by the fungus Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) Barr which induces yield reduction in Europe and North America. This study aimed to investigate the impacts of C. parasitica infection on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of European chestnut at two different growth stages, 3 and 6 weeks after the infection. The amount of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, and carotenoids), the relative chlorophyll content, and the photochemical efficiency of the photosystem II (PSII) were measured in the leaves above and below the virulent and hypovirulent C. parasitica infections. The highest values were measured in the control leaves, the lowest values were in the leaves of the upper part of virulent necrosis. Antioxidant enzyme activities such as ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), proline, and malondialdehyde concentrations were also investigated. In each of these measured values, the lowest level was measured in the control leaves, while the highest was in leaves infected with the virulent fungal strain. By measuring all of these stress indicator parameters the responses of chestnut to C. parasitica infection can be monitored and determined. The results of this study showed that the virulent strain caused more pronounced defense responses of chestnut’s defense system. The measured parameter above the infection was more exposed to the blight fungus disease relative to the leaves below the infection.
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spelling pubmed-85379552021-10-24 The Physiological and Biochemical Responses of European Chestnut (Castanea sativa L.) to Blight Fungus (Cryphonectria parasitica (Murill) Barr) Kovács, Gabriella Enikő Szőke, Lóránt Tóth, Brigitta Kovács, Béla Bojtor, Csaba Illés, Árpád Radócz, László Moloi, Makoena Joyce Radócz, László Plants (Basel) Article The most important disease of European chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) is chestnut blight caused by the fungus Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) Barr which induces yield reduction in Europe and North America. This study aimed to investigate the impacts of C. parasitica infection on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of European chestnut at two different growth stages, 3 and 6 weeks after the infection. The amount of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, and carotenoids), the relative chlorophyll content, and the photochemical efficiency of the photosystem II (PSII) were measured in the leaves above and below the virulent and hypovirulent C. parasitica infections. The highest values were measured in the control leaves, the lowest values were in the leaves of the upper part of virulent necrosis. Antioxidant enzyme activities such as ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), proline, and malondialdehyde concentrations were also investigated. In each of these measured values, the lowest level was measured in the control leaves, while the highest was in leaves infected with the virulent fungal strain. By measuring all of these stress indicator parameters the responses of chestnut to C. parasitica infection can be monitored and determined. The results of this study showed that the virulent strain caused more pronounced defense responses of chestnut’s defense system. The measured parameter above the infection was more exposed to the blight fungus disease relative to the leaves below the infection. MDPI 2021-10-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8537955/ /pubmed/34685944 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10102136 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Kovács, Gabriella Enikő
Szőke, Lóránt
Tóth, Brigitta
Kovács, Béla
Bojtor, Csaba
Illés, Árpád
Radócz, László
Moloi, Makoena Joyce
Radócz, László
The Physiological and Biochemical Responses of European Chestnut (Castanea sativa L.) to Blight Fungus (Cryphonectria parasitica (Murill) Barr)
title The Physiological and Biochemical Responses of European Chestnut (Castanea sativa L.) to Blight Fungus (Cryphonectria parasitica (Murill) Barr)
title_full The Physiological and Biochemical Responses of European Chestnut (Castanea sativa L.) to Blight Fungus (Cryphonectria parasitica (Murill) Barr)
title_fullStr The Physiological and Biochemical Responses of European Chestnut (Castanea sativa L.) to Blight Fungus (Cryphonectria parasitica (Murill) Barr)
title_full_unstemmed The Physiological and Biochemical Responses of European Chestnut (Castanea sativa L.) to Blight Fungus (Cryphonectria parasitica (Murill) Barr)
title_short The Physiological and Biochemical Responses of European Chestnut (Castanea sativa L.) to Blight Fungus (Cryphonectria parasitica (Murill) Barr)
title_sort physiological and biochemical responses of european chestnut (castanea sativa l.) to blight fungus (cryphonectria parasitica (murill) barr)
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8537955/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34685944
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10102136
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