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Evaluation of a Modified Bit Device to Obtain Saliva Samples from Horses

(1) Background: Accounting for the well-being of equine partners is a responsibility of those engaged in Equine-Assisted Services (EAS). Researchers took heed of this call to action by developing an innovative way to collect data to assess the physiological indicators of stress in equine participant...

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Autores principales: Vincent, Aviva, Peth-Pierce, Robin Marie, Morrissey, Meghan A., Acri, Mary C., Guo, Fei, Seibel, Lauren, Hoagwood, Kimberly E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8538290/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34679064
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8100232
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author Vincent, Aviva
Peth-Pierce, Robin Marie
Morrissey, Meghan A.
Acri, Mary C.
Guo, Fei
Seibel, Lauren
Hoagwood, Kimberly E.
author_facet Vincent, Aviva
Peth-Pierce, Robin Marie
Morrissey, Meghan A.
Acri, Mary C.
Guo, Fei
Seibel, Lauren
Hoagwood, Kimberly E.
author_sort Vincent, Aviva
collection PubMed
description (1) Background: Accounting for the well-being of equine partners is a responsibility of those engaged in Equine-Assisted Services (EAS). Researchers took heed of this call to action by developing an innovative way to collect data to assess the physiological indicators of stress in equine participants. The collection of saliva is considered to be a minimally invasive method of data collection and is typically performed using a cotton swab; however, in equines, the introduction of a foreign object may induce stress; (2) Methods: Researchers used a modified bit to collect pooled saliva in an effort to further reduce stress during the saliva collection process. Additionally, the collection of pooled saliva, via the bit, increases the opportunity to consider additional analyses, such as oxytocin, which is more reliable in pooled saliva than site-specific saliva captured with a swab; (3) Results: A data analysis demonstrated that ample saliva was captured using the modified bit. Observational data supported that the horses demonstrated fewer physical stress signals to the bit than to the swab. Thus, the modified bit is a feasible and valid method for equine salivary sample collection; (4) Conclusions: The results suggest that the modified bit provides a viable method to collect equine saliva and supports national calls to prioritize animal welfare analysis, specifically for horses used within EAS. Future research should enhance methodological rigor, including in the process and timing, thereby contributing to the bit’s validation.
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spelling pubmed-85382902021-10-24 Evaluation of a Modified Bit Device to Obtain Saliva Samples from Horses Vincent, Aviva Peth-Pierce, Robin Marie Morrissey, Meghan A. Acri, Mary C. Guo, Fei Seibel, Lauren Hoagwood, Kimberly E. Vet Sci Article (1) Background: Accounting for the well-being of equine partners is a responsibility of those engaged in Equine-Assisted Services (EAS). Researchers took heed of this call to action by developing an innovative way to collect data to assess the physiological indicators of stress in equine participants. The collection of saliva is considered to be a minimally invasive method of data collection and is typically performed using a cotton swab; however, in equines, the introduction of a foreign object may induce stress; (2) Methods: Researchers used a modified bit to collect pooled saliva in an effort to further reduce stress during the saliva collection process. Additionally, the collection of pooled saliva, via the bit, increases the opportunity to consider additional analyses, such as oxytocin, which is more reliable in pooled saliva than site-specific saliva captured with a swab; (3) Results: A data analysis demonstrated that ample saliva was captured using the modified bit. Observational data supported that the horses demonstrated fewer physical stress signals to the bit than to the swab. Thus, the modified bit is a feasible and valid method for equine salivary sample collection; (4) Conclusions: The results suggest that the modified bit provides a viable method to collect equine saliva and supports national calls to prioritize animal welfare analysis, specifically for horses used within EAS. Future research should enhance methodological rigor, including in the process and timing, thereby contributing to the bit’s validation. MDPI 2021-10-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8538290/ /pubmed/34679064 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8100232 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Vincent, Aviva
Peth-Pierce, Robin Marie
Morrissey, Meghan A.
Acri, Mary C.
Guo, Fei
Seibel, Lauren
Hoagwood, Kimberly E.
Evaluation of a Modified Bit Device to Obtain Saliva Samples from Horses
title Evaluation of a Modified Bit Device to Obtain Saliva Samples from Horses
title_full Evaluation of a Modified Bit Device to Obtain Saliva Samples from Horses
title_fullStr Evaluation of a Modified Bit Device to Obtain Saliva Samples from Horses
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of a Modified Bit Device to Obtain Saliva Samples from Horses
title_short Evaluation of a Modified Bit Device to Obtain Saliva Samples from Horses
title_sort evaluation of a modified bit device to obtain saliva samples from horses
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8538290/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34679064
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8100232
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