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Imported Malaria in Portugal: Prevalence of Polymorphisms in the Anti-Malarial Drug Resistance Genes pfmdr1 and pfk13

Malaria is one of the ‘big three’ killer infectious diseases, alongside tuberculosis and HIV. In non-endemic areas, malaria may occur in travelers who have recently been to or visited endemic regions. The number of imported malaria cases in Portugal has increased in recent years, mostly due to the c...

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Autores principales: Serrano, Debora, Santos-Reis, Ana, Silva, Clemente, Dias, Ana, Dias, Brigite, Toscano, Cristina, Conceição, Cláudia, Baptista-Fernandes, Teresa, Nogueira, Fatima
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8538333/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34683365
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102045
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author Serrano, Debora
Santos-Reis, Ana
Silva, Clemente
Dias, Ana
Dias, Brigite
Toscano, Cristina
Conceição, Cláudia
Baptista-Fernandes, Teresa
Nogueira, Fatima
author_facet Serrano, Debora
Santos-Reis, Ana
Silva, Clemente
Dias, Ana
Dias, Brigite
Toscano, Cristina
Conceição, Cláudia
Baptista-Fernandes, Teresa
Nogueira, Fatima
author_sort Serrano, Debora
collection PubMed
description Malaria is one of the ‘big three’ killer infectious diseases, alongside tuberculosis and HIV. In non-endemic areas, malaria may occur in travelers who have recently been to or visited endemic regions. The number of imported malaria cases in Portugal has increased in recent years, mostly due to the close relationship with the community of Portuguese language countries. Samples were collected from malaria-infected patients attending Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental (CHLO) or the outpatient clinic of Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT-NOVA) between March 2014 and May 2021. Molecular characterization of Plasmodium falciparum pfk13 and pfmdr1 genes was performed. We analyzed 232 imported malaria cases. The majority (68.53%) of the patients came from Angola and only three patients travelled to a non-African country; one to Brazil and two to Indonesia. P. falciparum was diagnosed in 81.47% of the cases, P. malariae in 7.33%, P. ovale 6.47% and 1.72% carried P. vivax. No mutations were detected in pfk13. Regarding pfmdr1, the wild-type haplotype (N86/Y184/D1246) was also the most prevalent (64.71%) and N86/184F/D1246 was detected in 26.47% of the cases. The typical imported malaria case was middle-aged male, traveling from Angola, infected with P. falciparum carrying wild type pfmdr1 and pfk13. Our study highlights the need for constant surveillance of malaria parasites imported into Portugal as an important pillar of public health.
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spelling pubmed-85383332021-10-24 Imported Malaria in Portugal: Prevalence of Polymorphisms in the Anti-Malarial Drug Resistance Genes pfmdr1 and pfk13 Serrano, Debora Santos-Reis, Ana Silva, Clemente Dias, Ana Dias, Brigite Toscano, Cristina Conceição, Cláudia Baptista-Fernandes, Teresa Nogueira, Fatima Microorganisms Article Malaria is one of the ‘big three’ killer infectious diseases, alongside tuberculosis and HIV. In non-endemic areas, malaria may occur in travelers who have recently been to or visited endemic regions. The number of imported malaria cases in Portugal has increased in recent years, mostly due to the close relationship with the community of Portuguese language countries. Samples were collected from malaria-infected patients attending Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental (CHLO) or the outpatient clinic of Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT-NOVA) between March 2014 and May 2021. Molecular characterization of Plasmodium falciparum pfk13 and pfmdr1 genes was performed. We analyzed 232 imported malaria cases. The majority (68.53%) of the patients came from Angola and only three patients travelled to a non-African country; one to Brazil and two to Indonesia. P. falciparum was diagnosed in 81.47% of the cases, P. malariae in 7.33%, P. ovale 6.47% and 1.72% carried P. vivax. No mutations were detected in pfk13. Regarding pfmdr1, the wild-type haplotype (N86/Y184/D1246) was also the most prevalent (64.71%) and N86/184F/D1246 was detected in 26.47% of the cases. The typical imported malaria case was middle-aged male, traveling from Angola, infected with P. falciparum carrying wild type pfmdr1 and pfk13. Our study highlights the need for constant surveillance of malaria parasites imported into Portugal as an important pillar of public health. MDPI 2021-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8538333/ /pubmed/34683365 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102045 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Serrano, Debora
Santos-Reis, Ana
Silva, Clemente
Dias, Ana
Dias, Brigite
Toscano, Cristina
Conceição, Cláudia
Baptista-Fernandes, Teresa
Nogueira, Fatima
Imported Malaria in Portugal: Prevalence of Polymorphisms in the Anti-Malarial Drug Resistance Genes pfmdr1 and pfk13
title Imported Malaria in Portugal: Prevalence of Polymorphisms in the Anti-Malarial Drug Resistance Genes pfmdr1 and pfk13
title_full Imported Malaria in Portugal: Prevalence of Polymorphisms in the Anti-Malarial Drug Resistance Genes pfmdr1 and pfk13
title_fullStr Imported Malaria in Portugal: Prevalence of Polymorphisms in the Anti-Malarial Drug Resistance Genes pfmdr1 and pfk13
title_full_unstemmed Imported Malaria in Portugal: Prevalence of Polymorphisms in the Anti-Malarial Drug Resistance Genes pfmdr1 and pfk13
title_short Imported Malaria in Portugal: Prevalence of Polymorphisms in the Anti-Malarial Drug Resistance Genes pfmdr1 and pfk13
title_sort imported malaria in portugal: prevalence of polymorphisms in the anti-malarial drug resistance genes pfmdr1 and pfk13
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8538333/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34683365
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102045
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