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One Health Perspectives on New Emerging Viral Diseases in African Wild Great Apes
The most recent emerging infectious diseases originated in animals, mainly in wildlife reservoirs. Mutations and recombination events mediate pathogen jumps between host species. The close phylogenetic relationship between humans and non-human primates allows the transmission of pathogens between th...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8539261/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34684232 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10101283 |
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author | Azevedo, Denis S. Duarte, José Lucas C. Freitas, Carlos Felipe G. Soares, Karoline L. Sousa, Mônica S. Sousa, Eduardo Sérgio S. Lucena, Ricardo B. |
author_facet | Azevedo, Denis S. Duarte, José Lucas C. Freitas, Carlos Felipe G. Soares, Karoline L. Sousa, Mônica S. Sousa, Eduardo Sérgio S. Lucena, Ricardo B. |
author_sort | Azevedo, Denis S. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The most recent emerging infectious diseases originated in animals, mainly in wildlife reservoirs. Mutations and recombination events mediate pathogen jumps between host species. The close phylogenetic relationship between humans and non-human primates allows the transmission of pathogens between these species. These pathogens cause severe impacts on public health and impair the conservation of habituated or non-habituated wild-living apes. Constant exposure of great apes to human actions such as hunting, deforestation, the opening of roads, and tourism, for example, contributes to increased interaction between humans and great apes. In spite of several studies emphasizing the risks of pathogen transmission between animals and humans, outbreaks of the reverse transmission of infectious agents threatening wildlife still occur on the African continent. In this context, measures to prevent the emergence of new diseases and conservation of primate species must be based on the One Health concept; that is, they must also ensure the monitoring of the environment and involve political and social aspects. In this article, we review and discuss the anthropological aspects of the transmission of diseases between people and wild primates and discuss new anthropozoonotic diseases in great apes in Africa from studies published between 2016 and 2020. We conclude that the health of great apes also depends on monitoring the health of human populations that interact with these individuals. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8539261 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85392612021-10-24 One Health Perspectives on New Emerging Viral Diseases in African Wild Great Apes Azevedo, Denis S. Duarte, José Lucas C. Freitas, Carlos Felipe G. Soares, Karoline L. Sousa, Mônica S. Sousa, Eduardo Sérgio S. Lucena, Ricardo B. Pathogens Review The most recent emerging infectious diseases originated in animals, mainly in wildlife reservoirs. Mutations and recombination events mediate pathogen jumps between host species. The close phylogenetic relationship between humans and non-human primates allows the transmission of pathogens between these species. These pathogens cause severe impacts on public health and impair the conservation of habituated or non-habituated wild-living apes. Constant exposure of great apes to human actions such as hunting, deforestation, the opening of roads, and tourism, for example, contributes to increased interaction between humans and great apes. In spite of several studies emphasizing the risks of pathogen transmission between animals and humans, outbreaks of the reverse transmission of infectious agents threatening wildlife still occur on the African continent. In this context, measures to prevent the emergence of new diseases and conservation of primate species must be based on the One Health concept; that is, they must also ensure the monitoring of the environment and involve political and social aspects. In this article, we review and discuss the anthropological aspects of the transmission of diseases between people and wild primates and discuss new anthropozoonotic diseases in great apes in Africa from studies published between 2016 and 2020. We conclude that the health of great apes also depends on monitoring the health of human populations that interact with these individuals. MDPI 2021-10-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8539261/ /pubmed/34684232 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10101283 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Azevedo, Denis S. Duarte, José Lucas C. Freitas, Carlos Felipe G. Soares, Karoline L. Sousa, Mônica S. Sousa, Eduardo Sérgio S. Lucena, Ricardo B. One Health Perspectives on New Emerging Viral Diseases in African Wild Great Apes |
title | One Health Perspectives on New Emerging Viral Diseases in African Wild Great Apes |
title_full | One Health Perspectives on New Emerging Viral Diseases in African Wild Great Apes |
title_fullStr | One Health Perspectives on New Emerging Viral Diseases in African Wild Great Apes |
title_full_unstemmed | One Health Perspectives on New Emerging Viral Diseases in African Wild Great Apes |
title_short | One Health Perspectives on New Emerging Viral Diseases in African Wild Great Apes |
title_sort | one health perspectives on new emerging viral diseases in african wild great apes |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8539261/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34684232 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10101283 |
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