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Dehydrated at Different Conditions and Powdered Leek as a Concentrate of Biologically Active Substances: Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Compound Profile
This study aimed to analyze the antioxidant activity, phenolic acid profile, color changes, and chemical composition of dried and powdered leek (Allium porrum). Leek was divided into white shaft (WH) and green shaft (GR) and subjected to drying by different methods—convection drying, vacuum drying,...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8539520/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34683716 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14206127 |
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author | Biernacka, Beata Dziki, Dariusz Kozłowska, Joanna Kowalska, Iwona Soluch, Agata |
author_facet | Biernacka, Beata Dziki, Dariusz Kozłowska, Joanna Kowalska, Iwona Soluch, Agata |
author_sort | Biernacka, Beata |
collection | PubMed |
description | This study aimed to analyze the antioxidant activity, phenolic acid profile, color changes, and chemical composition of dried and powdered leek (Allium porrum). Leek was divided into white shaft (WH) and green shaft (GR) and subjected to drying by different methods—convection drying, vacuum drying, and freeze-drying (FD)—at a temperature of 60 °C. A sample freeze-dried at a temperature of 20 °C was used as control. Analyses of the dried leek samples revealed that GR contained a higher amount of ash, protein, fat, fiber, phenolic acids, and flavonoids, and exhibited higher antioxidant capacity compared to WH. The dominant phenolic acid in WH was p-cumaric acid followed by synapic and protocatechuic acids. GR had a several-fold higher content of phenolic acids than WH, with ferulic acid being dominant (about 85% of the total phenolic content). It was also observed that a higher drying temperature resulted in the degradation of phenolic compounds and reduced the antioxidant properties of leek shafts. Most importantly, FD under a temperature of 60 °C caused a similar degree of degradation of biologically active compounds as air drying. An increase in drying temperature was associated with a slight decrease in the lightness of GR, whereas in the case of WH no significant change in this parameter was observed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8539520 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85395202021-10-24 Dehydrated at Different Conditions and Powdered Leek as a Concentrate of Biologically Active Substances: Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Compound Profile Biernacka, Beata Dziki, Dariusz Kozłowska, Joanna Kowalska, Iwona Soluch, Agata Materials (Basel) Article This study aimed to analyze the antioxidant activity, phenolic acid profile, color changes, and chemical composition of dried and powdered leek (Allium porrum). Leek was divided into white shaft (WH) and green shaft (GR) and subjected to drying by different methods—convection drying, vacuum drying, and freeze-drying (FD)—at a temperature of 60 °C. A sample freeze-dried at a temperature of 20 °C was used as control. Analyses of the dried leek samples revealed that GR contained a higher amount of ash, protein, fat, fiber, phenolic acids, and flavonoids, and exhibited higher antioxidant capacity compared to WH. The dominant phenolic acid in WH was p-cumaric acid followed by synapic and protocatechuic acids. GR had a several-fold higher content of phenolic acids than WH, with ferulic acid being dominant (about 85% of the total phenolic content). It was also observed that a higher drying temperature resulted in the degradation of phenolic compounds and reduced the antioxidant properties of leek shafts. Most importantly, FD under a temperature of 60 °C caused a similar degree of degradation of biologically active compounds as air drying. An increase in drying temperature was associated with a slight decrease in the lightness of GR, whereas in the case of WH no significant change in this parameter was observed. MDPI 2021-10-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8539520/ /pubmed/34683716 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14206127 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Biernacka, Beata Dziki, Dariusz Kozłowska, Joanna Kowalska, Iwona Soluch, Agata Dehydrated at Different Conditions and Powdered Leek as a Concentrate of Biologically Active Substances: Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Compound Profile |
title | Dehydrated at Different Conditions and Powdered Leek as a Concentrate of Biologically Active Substances: Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Compound Profile |
title_full | Dehydrated at Different Conditions and Powdered Leek as a Concentrate of Biologically Active Substances: Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Compound Profile |
title_fullStr | Dehydrated at Different Conditions and Powdered Leek as a Concentrate of Biologically Active Substances: Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Compound Profile |
title_full_unstemmed | Dehydrated at Different Conditions and Powdered Leek as a Concentrate of Biologically Active Substances: Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Compound Profile |
title_short | Dehydrated at Different Conditions and Powdered Leek as a Concentrate of Biologically Active Substances: Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Compound Profile |
title_sort | dehydrated at different conditions and powdered leek as a concentrate of biologically active substances: antioxidant activity and phenolic compound profile |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8539520/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34683716 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14206127 |
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