Molecular Cytogenetic Analysis of the Introgression between Agropyron cristatum P Genome and Wheat Genome

Agropyron cristatum (2n = 4x = 28, PPPP) is an important wild relative of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L., 2n = 6x = 42). A previous report showed that the wheat-A. cristatum 6P translocation line WAT655 carrying A. cristatum 6PS (0.81–1.00) exhibited high resistance to prevalent physiological races of stripe rust (CYR32 and CYR33). In this study, three disease resistance-related transcripts, which were mapped to A. cristatum 6PS (0.81–1.00) through the analysis of specific molecular markers, were acquired from among A. cristatum full-length transcripts. The BC(5)F(2) and BC(5)F(2:3) genetic populations of the translocation line WAT655 were analyzed by using three disease resistance-related gene markers, A. cristatum P genome-specific markers, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The results revealed that the introgression between A. cristatum P genome and wheat genome was observed in progenies of the genetic populations of the translocation line WAT655 and the physical positions of the three genes were considerably adjacent on A. cristatum 6PS (0.81–1.00) according to the FISH results. Additionally, kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers of the three genes were developed to detect and acquire 24 breeding lines selected from the progenies of the distant hybridization of wheat and A. cristatum, which showed resistance to physiological races of stripe rust (CYR32 and CYR33) and other desirable agronomic traits according to the field investigation. In conclusion, this study not only provides new insights into the introgression between A. cristatum P genome and wheat genome but also provides the desirable germplasms for breeding practice.