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CRISPR/dCas9-Based Systems: Mechanisms and Applications in Plant Sciences

RNA-guided genomic transcriptional regulation tools, namely clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats interference (CRISPRi) and CRISPR-mediated gene activation (CRISPRa), are a powerful technology for gene functional studies. Deriving from the CRISPR/Cas9 system, both systems consis...

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Autores principales: Karlson, Chou Khai Soong, Mohd-Noor, Siti Nurfadhlina, Nolte, Nadja, Tan, Boon Chin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8540305/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34685863
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10102055
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author Karlson, Chou Khai Soong
Mohd-Noor, Siti Nurfadhlina
Nolte, Nadja
Tan, Boon Chin
author_facet Karlson, Chou Khai Soong
Mohd-Noor, Siti Nurfadhlina
Nolte, Nadja
Tan, Boon Chin
author_sort Karlson, Chou Khai Soong
collection PubMed
description RNA-guided genomic transcriptional regulation tools, namely clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats interference (CRISPRi) and CRISPR-mediated gene activation (CRISPRa), are a powerful technology for gene functional studies. Deriving from the CRISPR/Cas9 system, both systems consist of a catalytically dead Cas9 (dCas9), a transcriptional effector and a single guide RNA (sgRNA). This type of dCas9 is incapable to cleave DNA but retains its ability to specifically bind to DNA. The binding of the dCas9/sgRNA complex to a target gene results in transcriptional interference. The CRISPR/dCas9 system has been explored as a tool for transcriptional modulation and genome imaging. Despite its potential applications and benefits, the challenges and limitations faced by the CRISPR/dCas9 system include the off-target effects, protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) sequence requirements, efficient delivery methods and the CRISPR/dCas9-interfered crops being labeled as genetically modified organisms in several countries. This review highlights the progression of CRISPR/dCas9 technology as well as its applications and potential challenges in crop improvement.
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spelling pubmed-85403052021-10-24 CRISPR/dCas9-Based Systems: Mechanisms and Applications in Plant Sciences Karlson, Chou Khai Soong Mohd-Noor, Siti Nurfadhlina Nolte, Nadja Tan, Boon Chin Plants (Basel) Review RNA-guided genomic transcriptional regulation tools, namely clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats interference (CRISPRi) and CRISPR-mediated gene activation (CRISPRa), are a powerful technology for gene functional studies. Deriving from the CRISPR/Cas9 system, both systems consist of a catalytically dead Cas9 (dCas9), a transcriptional effector and a single guide RNA (sgRNA). This type of dCas9 is incapable to cleave DNA but retains its ability to specifically bind to DNA. The binding of the dCas9/sgRNA complex to a target gene results in transcriptional interference. The CRISPR/dCas9 system has been explored as a tool for transcriptional modulation and genome imaging. Despite its potential applications and benefits, the challenges and limitations faced by the CRISPR/dCas9 system include the off-target effects, protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) sequence requirements, efficient delivery methods and the CRISPR/dCas9-interfered crops being labeled as genetically modified organisms in several countries. This review highlights the progression of CRISPR/dCas9 technology as well as its applications and potential challenges in crop improvement. MDPI 2021-09-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8540305/ /pubmed/34685863 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10102055 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Karlson, Chou Khai Soong
Mohd-Noor, Siti Nurfadhlina
Nolte, Nadja
Tan, Boon Chin
CRISPR/dCas9-Based Systems: Mechanisms and Applications in Plant Sciences
title CRISPR/dCas9-Based Systems: Mechanisms and Applications in Plant Sciences
title_full CRISPR/dCas9-Based Systems: Mechanisms and Applications in Plant Sciences
title_fullStr CRISPR/dCas9-Based Systems: Mechanisms and Applications in Plant Sciences
title_full_unstemmed CRISPR/dCas9-Based Systems: Mechanisms and Applications in Plant Sciences
title_short CRISPR/dCas9-Based Systems: Mechanisms and Applications in Plant Sciences
title_sort crispr/dcas9-based systems: mechanisms and applications in plant sciences
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8540305/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34685863
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10102055
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