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Elucidating the Effect of Step Cooling Heat Treatment on the Properties of 2.25 Cr–1.0 Mo Steel Welded with a Combination of GMAW Techniques Incorporating Metal-Cored Wires

The prospect of using metal-cored wires instead of solid wires during gas metal arc welding (GMAW) of 2.25 Cr–1.0 Mo steels embraces several challenges. The in-service requirements for the equipment made up of these steels are stringent. The major challenge faced by the manufacturers is temper embri...

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Autores principales: Das, Subhash, Vora, Jay, Patel, Vivek, Andersson, Joel, Pimenov, Danil Yurievich, Giasin, Khaled
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8540404/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34683624
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14206033
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author Das, Subhash
Vora, Jay
Patel, Vivek
Andersson, Joel
Pimenov, Danil Yurievich
Giasin, Khaled
author_facet Das, Subhash
Vora, Jay
Patel, Vivek
Andersson, Joel
Pimenov, Danil Yurievich
Giasin, Khaled
author_sort Das, Subhash
collection PubMed
description The prospect of using metal-cored wires instead of solid wires during gas metal arc welding (GMAW) of 2.25 Cr–1.0 Mo steels embraces several challenges. The in-service requirements for the equipment made up of these steels are stringent. The major challenge faced by the manufacturers is temper embrittlement. In the current study, the temper embrittlement susceptibility of the welded joint was ascertained by subjecting it to step cooling heat treatment. A 25 mm thick 2.25 Cr–1.0 Mo weld joint was prepared using a combination of the regulated metal deposition (RMD) and GMAW processes incorporating metal-cored wires. After welding the plates were exposed to post-weld heat treatment followed by a rigorous step cooling heat treatment prescribed by API standards. The temper embrittlement susceptibility of the weld joint was ascertained by Bruscato X-factor as well as by formulating ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT) curves by carrying out the impact toughness testing at various temperatures. Detailed microscopy and hardness studies were also carried out. It was established from the study that the X-factor value for the welded joint was 15.4. The DBTT for the weld joint was found to occur at −37 °C which was well below 10 °C. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy indicated the presence of carbides and the energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry studies indicated the presence of chromium and manganese-rich carbides along with the presence of sulfur near the grain boundaries. This study establishes a base for the usage of metal-cored wires particularly in high temperature and pressure application of Cr–Mo steels.
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spelling pubmed-85404042021-10-24 Elucidating the Effect of Step Cooling Heat Treatment on the Properties of 2.25 Cr–1.0 Mo Steel Welded with a Combination of GMAW Techniques Incorporating Metal-Cored Wires Das, Subhash Vora, Jay Patel, Vivek Andersson, Joel Pimenov, Danil Yurievich Giasin, Khaled Materials (Basel) Article The prospect of using metal-cored wires instead of solid wires during gas metal arc welding (GMAW) of 2.25 Cr–1.0 Mo steels embraces several challenges. The in-service requirements for the equipment made up of these steels are stringent. The major challenge faced by the manufacturers is temper embrittlement. In the current study, the temper embrittlement susceptibility of the welded joint was ascertained by subjecting it to step cooling heat treatment. A 25 mm thick 2.25 Cr–1.0 Mo weld joint was prepared using a combination of the regulated metal deposition (RMD) and GMAW processes incorporating metal-cored wires. After welding the plates were exposed to post-weld heat treatment followed by a rigorous step cooling heat treatment prescribed by API standards. The temper embrittlement susceptibility of the weld joint was ascertained by Bruscato X-factor as well as by formulating ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT) curves by carrying out the impact toughness testing at various temperatures. Detailed microscopy and hardness studies were also carried out. It was established from the study that the X-factor value for the welded joint was 15.4. The DBTT for the weld joint was found to occur at −37 °C which was well below 10 °C. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy indicated the presence of carbides and the energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry studies indicated the presence of chromium and manganese-rich carbides along with the presence of sulfur near the grain boundaries. This study establishes a base for the usage of metal-cored wires particularly in high temperature and pressure application of Cr–Mo steels. MDPI 2021-10-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8540404/ /pubmed/34683624 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14206033 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Das, Subhash
Vora, Jay
Patel, Vivek
Andersson, Joel
Pimenov, Danil Yurievich
Giasin, Khaled
Elucidating the Effect of Step Cooling Heat Treatment on the Properties of 2.25 Cr–1.0 Mo Steel Welded with a Combination of GMAW Techniques Incorporating Metal-Cored Wires
title Elucidating the Effect of Step Cooling Heat Treatment on the Properties of 2.25 Cr–1.0 Mo Steel Welded with a Combination of GMAW Techniques Incorporating Metal-Cored Wires
title_full Elucidating the Effect of Step Cooling Heat Treatment on the Properties of 2.25 Cr–1.0 Mo Steel Welded with a Combination of GMAW Techniques Incorporating Metal-Cored Wires
title_fullStr Elucidating the Effect of Step Cooling Heat Treatment on the Properties of 2.25 Cr–1.0 Mo Steel Welded with a Combination of GMAW Techniques Incorporating Metal-Cored Wires
title_full_unstemmed Elucidating the Effect of Step Cooling Heat Treatment on the Properties of 2.25 Cr–1.0 Mo Steel Welded with a Combination of GMAW Techniques Incorporating Metal-Cored Wires
title_short Elucidating the Effect of Step Cooling Heat Treatment on the Properties of 2.25 Cr–1.0 Mo Steel Welded with a Combination of GMAW Techniques Incorporating Metal-Cored Wires
title_sort elucidating the effect of step cooling heat treatment on the properties of 2.25 cr–1.0 mo steel welded with a combination of gmaw techniques incorporating metal-cored wires
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8540404/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34683624
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14206033
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