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Association of Cesarean Delivery and Formula Supplementation with the Stool Metabolome of 6-Week-Old Infants

Cesarean delivery and formula feeding have both been implicated as important factors associated with perturbations to the infant gut microbiome. To investigate the functional metabolic response of the infant gut microbial milieu to these factors, we profiled the stool metabolomes of 121 infants from...

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Autores principales: Hoen, Anne G., Coker, Modupe O., Madan, Juliette C., Pathmasiri, Wimal, McRitchie, Susan, Dade, Erika F., Doherty, Brett T., Sumner, Susan, Karagas, Margaret R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8540440/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34677417
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11100702
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author Hoen, Anne G.
Coker, Modupe O.
Madan, Juliette C.
Pathmasiri, Wimal
McRitchie, Susan
Dade, Erika F.
Doherty, Brett T.
Sumner, Susan
Karagas, Margaret R.
author_facet Hoen, Anne G.
Coker, Modupe O.
Madan, Juliette C.
Pathmasiri, Wimal
McRitchie, Susan
Dade, Erika F.
Doherty, Brett T.
Sumner, Susan
Karagas, Margaret R.
author_sort Hoen, Anne G.
collection PubMed
description Cesarean delivery and formula feeding have both been implicated as important factors associated with perturbations to the infant gut microbiome. To investigate the functional metabolic response of the infant gut microbial milieu to these factors, we profiled the stool metabolomes of 121 infants from a US pregnancy cohort study at approximately 6 weeks of life and evaluated associations with delivery mode and feeding method. Multivariate analysis of six-week stool metabolomic profiles indicated discrimination by both delivery mode and diet. For diet, exclusively breast-fed infants exhibited metabolomic profiles that were distinct from both exclusively formula-fed and combination-fed infants, which were relatively more similar to each other in metabolomic profile. We also identified individual metabolites that were important for differentiating delivery mode groups and feeding groups and metabolic pathways related to delivery mode and feeding type. We conclude based on previous work and this current study that the microbial communities colonizing the gastrointestinal tracts of infants are not only taxonomically, but also functionally distinct when compared according to delivery mode and feeding groups. Further, different sets of metabolites and metabolic pathways define delivery mode and diet metabotypes.
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spelling pubmed-85404402021-10-24 Association of Cesarean Delivery and Formula Supplementation with the Stool Metabolome of 6-Week-Old Infants Hoen, Anne G. Coker, Modupe O. Madan, Juliette C. Pathmasiri, Wimal McRitchie, Susan Dade, Erika F. Doherty, Brett T. Sumner, Susan Karagas, Margaret R. Metabolites Article Cesarean delivery and formula feeding have both been implicated as important factors associated with perturbations to the infant gut microbiome. To investigate the functional metabolic response of the infant gut microbial milieu to these factors, we profiled the stool metabolomes of 121 infants from a US pregnancy cohort study at approximately 6 weeks of life and evaluated associations with delivery mode and feeding method. Multivariate analysis of six-week stool metabolomic profiles indicated discrimination by both delivery mode and diet. For diet, exclusively breast-fed infants exhibited metabolomic profiles that were distinct from both exclusively formula-fed and combination-fed infants, which were relatively more similar to each other in metabolomic profile. We also identified individual metabolites that were important for differentiating delivery mode groups and feeding groups and metabolic pathways related to delivery mode and feeding type. We conclude based on previous work and this current study that the microbial communities colonizing the gastrointestinal tracts of infants are not only taxonomically, but also functionally distinct when compared according to delivery mode and feeding groups. Further, different sets of metabolites and metabolic pathways define delivery mode and diet metabotypes. MDPI 2021-10-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8540440/ /pubmed/34677417 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11100702 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Hoen, Anne G.
Coker, Modupe O.
Madan, Juliette C.
Pathmasiri, Wimal
McRitchie, Susan
Dade, Erika F.
Doherty, Brett T.
Sumner, Susan
Karagas, Margaret R.
Association of Cesarean Delivery and Formula Supplementation with the Stool Metabolome of 6-Week-Old Infants
title Association of Cesarean Delivery and Formula Supplementation with the Stool Metabolome of 6-Week-Old Infants
title_full Association of Cesarean Delivery and Formula Supplementation with the Stool Metabolome of 6-Week-Old Infants
title_fullStr Association of Cesarean Delivery and Formula Supplementation with the Stool Metabolome of 6-Week-Old Infants
title_full_unstemmed Association of Cesarean Delivery and Formula Supplementation with the Stool Metabolome of 6-Week-Old Infants
title_short Association of Cesarean Delivery and Formula Supplementation with the Stool Metabolome of 6-Week-Old Infants
title_sort association of cesarean delivery and formula supplementation with the stool metabolome of 6-week-old infants
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8540440/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34677417
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11100702
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