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Ambient Air Pollution Shapes Bacterial and Fungal Ivy Leaf Communities
Ambient air pollution exerts deleterious effects on our environment. Continuously exposed to the atmosphere, diverse communities of microorganisms thrive on leaf surfaces, the phylloplane. The composition of these communities is dynamic, responding to many environmental factors including ambient air...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8540654/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34683409 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102088 |
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author | Stevens, Vincent Thijs, Sofie Bongaerts, Eva Nawrot, Tim Marchal, Wouter Van Hamme, Jonathan Vangronsveld, Jaco |
author_facet | Stevens, Vincent Thijs, Sofie Bongaerts, Eva Nawrot, Tim Marchal, Wouter Van Hamme, Jonathan Vangronsveld, Jaco |
author_sort | Stevens, Vincent |
collection | PubMed |
description | Ambient air pollution exerts deleterious effects on our environment. Continuously exposed to the atmosphere, diverse communities of microorganisms thrive on leaf surfaces, the phylloplane. The composition of these communities is dynamic, responding to many environmental factors including ambient air pollution. In this field study, over a 2 year period, we sampled Hedera helix (ivy) leaves at six locations exposed to different ambient air pollution conditions. Daily, we monitored ambient black carbon (BC), PM(2.5), PM(10), nitrogen dioxide, and ozone concentrations and found that ambient air pollution led to a 2–7-fold BC increase on leaves, the phylloplane BC load. Our results further indicated that the phylloplane BC load correlates with the diversity of bacterial and fungal leaf communities, impacting diversity more than seasonal effects. The bacterial genera Novosphingobium, Hymenobacter, and Methylorubrum, and the fungal genus Ampelomyces were indicators for communities exposed to the highest phylloplane BC load. Parallel to this, we present one fungal and two bacterial phylloplane strains isolated from an air-polluted environment able to degrade benzene, toluene, and/or xylene, including a genomics-based description of the degradation pathways involved. The findings of this study suggest that ambient air pollution shapes microbial leaf communities, by affecting diversity and supporting members able to degrade airborne pollutants. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8540654 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85406542021-10-24 Ambient Air Pollution Shapes Bacterial and Fungal Ivy Leaf Communities Stevens, Vincent Thijs, Sofie Bongaerts, Eva Nawrot, Tim Marchal, Wouter Van Hamme, Jonathan Vangronsveld, Jaco Microorganisms Article Ambient air pollution exerts deleterious effects on our environment. Continuously exposed to the atmosphere, diverse communities of microorganisms thrive on leaf surfaces, the phylloplane. The composition of these communities is dynamic, responding to many environmental factors including ambient air pollution. In this field study, over a 2 year period, we sampled Hedera helix (ivy) leaves at six locations exposed to different ambient air pollution conditions. Daily, we monitored ambient black carbon (BC), PM(2.5), PM(10), nitrogen dioxide, and ozone concentrations and found that ambient air pollution led to a 2–7-fold BC increase on leaves, the phylloplane BC load. Our results further indicated that the phylloplane BC load correlates with the diversity of bacterial and fungal leaf communities, impacting diversity more than seasonal effects. The bacterial genera Novosphingobium, Hymenobacter, and Methylorubrum, and the fungal genus Ampelomyces were indicators for communities exposed to the highest phylloplane BC load. Parallel to this, we present one fungal and two bacterial phylloplane strains isolated from an air-polluted environment able to degrade benzene, toluene, and/or xylene, including a genomics-based description of the degradation pathways involved. The findings of this study suggest that ambient air pollution shapes microbial leaf communities, by affecting diversity and supporting members able to degrade airborne pollutants. MDPI 2021-10-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8540654/ /pubmed/34683409 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102088 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Stevens, Vincent Thijs, Sofie Bongaerts, Eva Nawrot, Tim Marchal, Wouter Van Hamme, Jonathan Vangronsveld, Jaco Ambient Air Pollution Shapes Bacterial and Fungal Ivy Leaf Communities |
title | Ambient Air Pollution Shapes Bacterial and Fungal Ivy Leaf Communities |
title_full | Ambient Air Pollution Shapes Bacterial and Fungal Ivy Leaf Communities |
title_fullStr | Ambient Air Pollution Shapes Bacterial and Fungal Ivy Leaf Communities |
title_full_unstemmed | Ambient Air Pollution Shapes Bacterial and Fungal Ivy Leaf Communities |
title_short | Ambient Air Pollution Shapes Bacterial and Fungal Ivy Leaf Communities |
title_sort | ambient air pollution shapes bacterial and fungal ivy leaf communities |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8540654/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34683409 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102088 |
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