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Ambient Air Pollution Shapes Bacterial and Fungal Ivy Leaf Communities

Ambient air pollution exerts deleterious effects on our environment. Continuously exposed to the atmosphere, diverse communities of microorganisms thrive on leaf surfaces, the phylloplane. The composition of these communities is dynamic, responding to many environmental factors including ambient air...

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Autores principales: Stevens, Vincent, Thijs, Sofie, Bongaerts, Eva, Nawrot, Tim, Marchal, Wouter, Van Hamme, Jonathan, Vangronsveld, Jaco
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8540654/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34683409
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102088
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author Stevens, Vincent
Thijs, Sofie
Bongaerts, Eva
Nawrot, Tim
Marchal, Wouter
Van Hamme, Jonathan
Vangronsveld, Jaco
author_facet Stevens, Vincent
Thijs, Sofie
Bongaerts, Eva
Nawrot, Tim
Marchal, Wouter
Van Hamme, Jonathan
Vangronsveld, Jaco
author_sort Stevens, Vincent
collection PubMed
description Ambient air pollution exerts deleterious effects on our environment. Continuously exposed to the atmosphere, diverse communities of microorganisms thrive on leaf surfaces, the phylloplane. The composition of these communities is dynamic, responding to many environmental factors including ambient air pollution. In this field study, over a 2 year period, we sampled Hedera helix (ivy) leaves at six locations exposed to different ambient air pollution conditions. Daily, we monitored ambient black carbon (BC), PM(2.5), PM(10), nitrogen dioxide, and ozone concentrations and found that ambient air pollution led to a 2–7-fold BC increase on leaves, the phylloplane BC load. Our results further indicated that the phylloplane BC load correlates with the diversity of bacterial and fungal leaf communities, impacting diversity more than seasonal effects. The bacterial genera Novosphingobium, Hymenobacter, and Methylorubrum, and the fungal genus Ampelomyces were indicators for communities exposed to the highest phylloplane BC load. Parallel to this, we present one fungal and two bacterial phylloplane strains isolated from an air-polluted environment able to degrade benzene, toluene, and/or xylene, including a genomics-based description of the degradation pathways involved. The findings of this study suggest that ambient air pollution shapes microbial leaf communities, by affecting diversity and supporting members able to degrade airborne pollutants.
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spelling pubmed-85406542021-10-24 Ambient Air Pollution Shapes Bacterial and Fungal Ivy Leaf Communities Stevens, Vincent Thijs, Sofie Bongaerts, Eva Nawrot, Tim Marchal, Wouter Van Hamme, Jonathan Vangronsveld, Jaco Microorganisms Article Ambient air pollution exerts deleterious effects on our environment. Continuously exposed to the atmosphere, diverse communities of microorganisms thrive on leaf surfaces, the phylloplane. The composition of these communities is dynamic, responding to many environmental factors including ambient air pollution. In this field study, over a 2 year period, we sampled Hedera helix (ivy) leaves at six locations exposed to different ambient air pollution conditions. Daily, we monitored ambient black carbon (BC), PM(2.5), PM(10), nitrogen dioxide, and ozone concentrations and found that ambient air pollution led to a 2–7-fold BC increase on leaves, the phylloplane BC load. Our results further indicated that the phylloplane BC load correlates with the diversity of bacterial and fungal leaf communities, impacting diversity more than seasonal effects. The bacterial genera Novosphingobium, Hymenobacter, and Methylorubrum, and the fungal genus Ampelomyces were indicators for communities exposed to the highest phylloplane BC load. Parallel to this, we present one fungal and two bacterial phylloplane strains isolated from an air-polluted environment able to degrade benzene, toluene, and/or xylene, including a genomics-based description of the degradation pathways involved. The findings of this study suggest that ambient air pollution shapes microbial leaf communities, by affecting diversity and supporting members able to degrade airborne pollutants. MDPI 2021-10-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8540654/ /pubmed/34683409 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102088 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Stevens, Vincent
Thijs, Sofie
Bongaerts, Eva
Nawrot, Tim
Marchal, Wouter
Van Hamme, Jonathan
Vangronsveld, Jaco
Ambient Air Pollution Shapes Bacterial and Fungal Ivy Leaf Communities
title Ambient Air Pollution Shapes Bacterial and Fungal Ivy Leaf Communities
title_full Ambient Air Pollution Shapes Bacterial and Fungal Ivy Leaf Communities
title_fullStr Ambient Air Pollution Shapes Bacterial and Fungal Ivy Leaf Communities
title_full_unstemmed Ambient Air Pollution Shapes Bacterial and Fungal Ivy Leaf Communities
title_short Ambient Air Pollution Shapes Bacterial and Fungal Ivy Leaf Communities
title_sort ambient air pollution shapes bacterial and fungal ivy leaf communities
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8540654/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34683409
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102088
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