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P2Y(12) Purinergic Receptor and Brain Tumors: Implications on Glioma Microenvironment
Gliomas are the most common malignant brain tumors in adults, characterized by a high proliferation and invasion. The tumor microenvironment is rich in growth-promoting signals and immunomodulatory pathways, which increase the tumor’s aggressiveness. In response to hypoxia and glioma therapy, the am...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8540665/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34684726 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26206146 |
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author | Morrone, Fernanda Bueno Vargas, Pedro Rockenbach, Liliana Scheffel, Thamiris Becker |
author_facet | Morrone, Fernanda Bueno Vargas, Pedro Rockenbach, Liliana Scheffel, Thamiris Becker |
author_sort | Morrone, Fernanda Bueno |
collection | PubMed |
description | Gliomas are the most common malignant brain tumors in adults, characterized by a high proliferation and invasion. The tumor microenvironment is rich in growth-promoting signals and immunomodulatory pathways, which increase the tumor’s aggressiveness. In response to hypoxia and glioma therapy, the amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) strongly increase in the extracellular space, and the purinergic signaling is triggered by nucleotides’ interaction in P2 receptors. Several cell types are present in the tumor microenvironment and can facilitate tumor growth. In fact, tumor cells can activate platelets by the ADP-P2Y(12) engagement, which plays an essential role in the cancer context, protecting tumors from the immune attack and providing molecules that contribute to the growth and maintenance of a rich environment to sustain the protumor cycle. Besides platelets, the P2Y(12) receptor is expressed by some tumors, such as renal carcinoma, colon carcinoma, and gliomas, being related to tumor progression. In this context, this review aims to depict the glioma microenvironment, focusing on the relationship between platelets and tumor malignancy. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8540665 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85406652021-10-24 P2Y(12) Purinergic Receptor and Brain Tumors: Implications on Glioma Microenvironment Morrone, Fernanda Bueno Vargas, Pedro Rockenbach, Liliana Scheffel, Thamiris Becker Molecules Review Gliomas are the most common malignant brain tumors in adults, characterized by a high proliferation and invasion. The tumor microenvironment is rich in growth-promoting signals and immunomodulatory pathways, which increase the tumor’s aggressiveness. In response to hypoxia and glioma therapy, the amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) strongly increase in the extracellular space, and the purinergic signaling is triggered by nucleotides’ interaction in P2 receptors. Several cell types are present in the tumor microenvironment and can facilitate tumor growth. In fact, tumor cells can activate platelets by the ADP-P2Y(12) engagement, which plays an essential role in the cancer context, protecting tumors from the immune attack and providing molecules that contribute to the growth and maintenance of a rich environment to sustain the protumor cycle. Besides platelets, the P2Y(12) receptor is expressed by some tumors, such as renal carcinoma, colon carcinoma, and gliomas, being related to tumor progression. In this context, this review aims to depict the glioma microenvironment, focusing on the relationship between platelets and tumor malignancy. MDPI 2021-10-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8540665/ /pubmed/34684726 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26206146 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Morrone, Fernanda Bueno Vargas, Pedro Rockenbach, Liliana Scheffel, Thamiris Becker P2Y(12) Purinergic Receptor and Brain Tumors: Implications on Glioma Microenvironment |
title | P2Y(12) Purinergic Receptor and Brain Tumors: Implications on Glioma Microenvironment |
title_full | P2Y(12) Purinergic Receptor and Brain Tumors: Implications on Glioma Microenvironment |
title_fullStr | P2Y(12) Purinergic Receptor and Brain Tumors: Implications on Glioma Microenvironment |
title_full_unstemmed | P2Y(12) Purinergic Receptor and Brain Tumors: Implications on Glioma Microenvironment |
title_short | P2Y(12) Purinergic Receptor and Brain Tumors: Implications on Glioma Microenvironment |
title_sort | p2y(12) purinergic receptor and brain tumors: implications on glioma microenvironment |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8540665/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34684726 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26206146 |
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