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Elemental Composition of Algae-Based Supplements by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence

The aim of this study is to evaluate the elemental composition of fifteen algae-based supplements commonly sold in the Portuguese market, by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence. Despite the fact that the majority of Kelp samples were a good source of iodine, the levels observed might well contribut...

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Autores principales: Reboredo, Fernando H., Junior, Walter, Pessoa, Maria F., Lidon, Fernando C., Ramalho, José C., Leitão, Roberta G., Silva, Maria Manuela, Alvarenga, Nuno, Guerra, Mauro
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8541454/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34685850
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10102041
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author Reboredo, Fernando H.
Junior, Walter
Pessoa, Maria F.
Lidon, Fernando C.
Ramalho, José C.
Leitão, Roberta G.
Silva, Maria Manuela
Alvarenga, Nuno
Guerra, Mauro
author_facet Reboredo, Fernando H.
Junior, Walter
Pessoa, Maria F.
Lidon, Fernando C.
Ramalho, José C.
Leitão, Roberta G.
Silva, Maria Manuela
Alvarenga, Nuno
Guerra, Mauro
author_sort Reboredo, Fernando H.
collection PubMed
description The aim of this study is to evaluate the elemental composition of fifteen algae-based supplements commonly sold in the Portuguese market, by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence. Despite the fact that the majority of Kelp samples were a good source of iodine, the levels observed might well contribute to an excess in the human body, which can cause dysfunction of the thyroid gland. Furthermore, the presence of lead in Sea spaghetti, Arame, Hijiki and Wakame caused a considerable risk to public health vis a vis possible ingestion of a high daily dose. Regarding arsenic, great variability was observed in all the samples with concentrations equal to or above 60 μg/g in the case of Arame, KelpJ and Hijiki. Although algae mainly accumulate organic arsenic, some also contain high levels of its inorganic form, as is commonly pointed out for Hijiki. Thus, regular ingestion of these supplements must also take into account the mentioned facts. There is no doubt that these supplements are also good sources of other nutrients, but the lack of accurate regulations and control should alert consumers to avoid indiscriminate use of these types of products.
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spelling pubmed-85414542021-10-24 Elemental Composition of Algae-Based Supplements by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Reboredo, Fernando H. Junior, Walter Pessoa, Maria F. Lidon, Fernando C. Ramalho, José C. Leitão, Roberta G. Silva, Maria Manuela Alvarenga, Nuno Guerra, Mauro Plants (Basel) Article The aim of this study is to evaluate the elemental composition of fifteen algae-based supplements commonly sold in the Portuguese market, by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence. Despite the fact that the majority of Kelp samples were a good source of iodine, the levels observed might well contribute to an excess in the human body, which can cause dysfunction of the thyroid gland. Furthermore, the presence of lead in Sea spaghetti, Arame, Hijiki and Wakame caused a considerable risk to public health vis a vis possible ingestion of a high daily dose. Regarding arsenic, great variability was observed in all the samples with concentrations equal to or above 60 μg/g in the case of Arame, KelpJ and Hijiki. Although algae mainly accumulate organic arsenic, some also contain high levels of its inorganic form, as is commonly pointed out for Hijiki. Thus, regular ingestion of these supplements must also take into account the mentioned facts. There is no doubt that these supplements are also good sources of other nutrients, but the lack of accurate regulations and control should alert consumers to avoid indiscriminate use of these types of products. MDPI 2021-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8541454/ /pubmed/34685850 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10102041 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Reboredo, Fernando H.
Junior, Walter
Pessoa, Maria F.
Lidon, Fernando C.
Ramalho, José C.
Leitão, Roberta G.
Silva, Maria Manuela
Alvarenga, Nuno
Guerra, Mauro
Elemental Composition of Algae-Based Supplements by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence
title Elemental Composition of Algae-Based Supplements by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence
title_full Elemental Composition of Algae-Based Supplements by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence
title_fullStr Elemental Composition of Algae-Based Supplements by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence
title_full_unstemmed Elemental Composition of Algae-Based Supplements by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence
title_short Elemental Composition of Algae-Based Supplements by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence
title_sort elemental composition of algae-based supplements by energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8541454/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34685850
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10102041
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