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Aspergillus Section Fumigati in Firefighter Headquarters

Background: Aspergillus section Fumigati is one of the Aspergillus sections more frequently related to respiratory symptoms and by other health outcomes. This study aimed to characterize Aspergillus section Fumigati distribution in eleven firefighter headquarters (FFHs) to obtain an accurate occupat...

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Autores principales: Viegas, Carla, Gomes, Bianca, Dias, Marta, Carolino, Elisabete, Aranha Caetano, Liliana
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8541501/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34683433
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102112
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author Viegas, Carla
Gomes, Bianca
Dias, Marta
Carolino, Elisabete
Aranha Caetano, Liliana
author_facet Viegas, Carla
Gomes, Bianca
Dias, Marta
Carolino, Elisabete
Aranha Caetano, Liliana
author_sort Viegas, Carla
collection PubMed
description Background: Aspergillus section Fumigati is one of the Aspergillus sections more frequently related to respiratory symptoms and by other health outcomes. This study aimed to characterize Aspergillus section Fumigati distribution in eleven firefighter headquarters (FFHs) to obtain an accurate occupational exposure assessment. Methods: A sampling approach protocol was performed using active (impaction method) and passive sampling methods (floor surfaces swabs, electrostatic dust collectors (EDCs), and settled dust). All samples were analysed by culture-based methods and passive sampling was used for molecular detection of Aspergillus section Fumigati. Results: Of all the matrices, the highest counts of Aspergillus sp. were obtained on settled dust filters (3.37% malt extract agar—MEA, 19.09% dichloran glycerol—DG18) followed by cleaning cloths (1.67% MEA; 7.07% DG18). Among the Aspergillus genus, the Fumigati section was predominant in Millipore and EDC samples in MEA (79.77% and 28.57%, respectively), and in swabs and settled dust filters in DG18 (44.76% and 30%, respectively). The Fumigati section was detected more frequently in DG18 (33.01%) compared to MEA (0.33%). The Fumigati section was observed in azole supplemented media (itraconazole and voriconazole) in several passive sampling methods employed and detected by qPCR in almost all passive samples, with EDCs being the matrix with the highest prevalence (n = 61; 67.8%). Conclusion: This study confirms that Aspergillus sp. is widespread and the Fumigati section is present in all FFHs. The presence of fungi potentially resistant to azoles in the FFHs was also observed. Further studies are needed to identify the best corrective and preventive measures to avoid this section contamination in this specific occupational environment.
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spelling pubmed-85415012021-10-24 Aspergillus Section Fumigati in Firefighter Headquarters Viegas, Carla Gomes, Bianca Dias, Marta Carolino, Elisabete Aranha Caetano, Liliana Microorganisms Article Background: Aspergillus section Fumigati is one of the Aspergillus sections more frequently related to respiratory symptoms and by other health outcomes. This study aimed to characterize Aspergillus section Fumigati distribution in eleven firefighter headquarters (FFHs) to obtain an accurate occupational exposure assessment. Methods: A sampling approach protocol was performed using active (impaction method) and passive sampling methods (floor surfaces swabs, electrostatic dust collectors (EDCs), and settled dust). All samples were analysed by culture-based methods and passive sampling was used for molecular detection of Aspergillus section Fumigati. Results: Of all the matrices, the highest counts of Aspergillus sp. were obtained on settled dust filters (3.37% malt extract agar—MEA, 19.09% dichloran glycerol—DG18) followed by cleaning cloths (1.67% MEA; 7.07% DG18). Among the Aspergillus genus, the Fumigati section was predominant in Millipore and EDC samples in MEA (79.77% and 28.57%, respectively), and in swabs and settled dust filters in DG18 (44.76% and 30%, respectively). The Fumigati section was detected more frequently in DG18 (33.01%) compared to MEA (0.33%). The Fumigati section was observed in azole supplemented media (itraconazole and voriconazole) in several passive sampling methods employed and detected by qPCR in almost all passive samples, with EDCs being the matrix with the highest prevalence (n = 61; 67.8%). Conclusion: This study confirms that Aspergillus sp. is widespread and the Fumigati section is present in all FFHs. The presence of fungi potentially resistant to azoles in the FFHs was also observed. Further studies are needed to identify the best corrective and preventive measures to avoid this section contamination in this specific occupational environment. MDPI 2021-10-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8541501/ /pubmed/34683433 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102112 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Viegas, Carla
Gomes, Bianca
Dias, Marta
Carolino, Elisabete
Aranha Caetano, Liliana
Aspergillus Section Fumigati in Firefighter Headquarters
title Aspergillus Section Fumigati in Firefighter Headquarters
title_full Aspergillus Section Fumigati in Firefighter Headquarters
title_fullStr Aspergillus Section Fumigati in Firefighter Headquarters
title_full_unstemmed Aspergillus Section Fumigati in Firefighter Headquarters
title_short Aspergillus Section Fumigati in Firefighter Headquarters
title_sort aspergillus section fumigati in firefighter headquarters
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8541501/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34683433
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102112
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