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Outbreak of a Systemic Form of Camelpox in a Dromedary Herd (Camelus dromedarius) in the United Arab Emirates

Camelpox virus (CMLV) is the causative agent of camelpox, which frequently occurs in the Old World camelids-rearing countries except for Australia. It has also been described in experimentally inoculated New World camelids. Camelpox outbreaks are often experienced shortly after the rainy season, whi...

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Autores principales: Joseph, Sunitha, Kinne, Joerg, Nagy, Péter, Juhász, Jutka, Barua, Rajib, Patteril, Nissy Annie Georgy, Hoffmann, Donata, Pfaff, Florian, Hoffmann, Bernd, Wernery, Ulrich
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8541543/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34696370
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13101940
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author Joseph, Sunitha
Kinne, Joerg
Nagy, Péter
Juhász, Jutka
Barua, Rajib
Patteril, Nissy Annie Georgy
Hoffmann, Donata
Pfaff, Florian
Hoffmann, Bernd
Wernery, Ulrich
author_facet Joseph, Sunitha
Kinne, Joerg
Nagy, Péter
Juhász, Jutka
Barua, Rajib
Patteril, Nissy Annie Georgy
Hoffmann, Donata
Pfaff, Florian
Hoffmann, Bernd
Wernery, Ulrich
author_sort Joseph, Sunitha
collection PubMed
description Camelpox virus (CMLV) is the causative agent of camelpox, which frequently occurs in the Old World camelids-rearing countries except for Australia. It has also been described in experimentally inoculated New World camelids. Camelpox outbreaks are often experienced shortly after the rainy season, which occurs twice a year on the Arabian Peninsula because of the increased density of the insect population, particularly mosquitos. A systemic form of camelpox outbreak in seven dromedary camels was diagnosed by histology, virus isolation, and PCR. A phylogenetic analysis using full length CMLV genomes of the isolated CMLV strains showed a single phylogenetic unit without any distinctive differences between them. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) isolate sequences showed phylogenetical relatedness with CMLV isolates from Israel with only minor sequence differences. Although the sequences of viruses from both countries were closely related, the disease manifestation was vastly different. Our study shows that the virulence is not only determined by genetic features of CMLV alone but may also depend on other factors such as unknown aspects of the host (e.g., age, overall fitness), management, and the environment.
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spelling pubmed-85415432021-10-24 Outbreak of a Systemic Form of Camelpox in a Dromedary Herd (Camelus dromedarius) in the United Arab Emirates Joseph, Sunitha Kinne, Joerg Nagy, Péter Juhász, Jutka Barua, Rajib Patteril, Nissy Annie Georgy Hoffmann, Donata Pfaff, Florian Hoffmann, Bernd Wernery, Ulrich Viruses Article Camelpox virus (CMLV) is the causative agent of camelpox, which frequently occurs in the Old World camelids-rearing countries except for Australia. It has also been described in experimentally inoculated New World camelids. Camelpox outbreaks are often experienced shortly after the rainy season, which occurs twice a year on the Arabian Peninsula because of the increased density of the insect population, particularly mosquitos. A systemic form of camelpox outbreak in seven dromedary camels was diagnosed by histology, virus isolation, and PCR. A phylogenetic analysis using full length CMLV genomes of the isolated CMLV strains showed a single phylogenetic unit without any distinctive differences between them. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) isolate sequences showed phylogenetical relatedness with CMLV isolates from Israel with only minor sequence differences. Although the sequences of viruses from both countries were closely related, the disease manifestation was vastly different. Our study shows that the virulence is not only determined by genetic features of CMLV alone but may also depend on other factors such as unknown aspects of the host (e.g., age, overall fitness), management, and the environment. MDPI 2021-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8541543/ /pubmed/34696370 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13101940 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Joseph, Sunitha
Kinne, Joerg
Nagy, Péter
Juhász, Jutka
Barua, Rajib
Patteril, Nissy Annie Georgy
Hoffmann, Donata
Pfaff, Florian
Hoffmann, Bernd
Wernery, Ulrich
Outbreak of a Systemic Form of Camelpox in a Dromedary Herd (Camelus dromedarius) in the United Arab Emirates
title Outbreak of a Systemic Form of Camelpox in a Dromedary Herd (Camelus dromedarius) in the United Arab Emirates
title_full Outbreak of a Systemic Form of Camelpox in a Dromedary Herd (Camelus dromedarius) in the United Arab Emirates
title_fullStr Outbreak of a Systemic Form of Camelpox in a Dromedary Herd (Camelus dromedarius) in the United Arab Emirates
title_full_unstemmed Outbreak of a Systemic Form of Camelpox in a Dromedary Herd (Camelus dromedarius) in the United Arab Emirates
title_short Outbreak of a Systemic Form of Camelpox in a Dromedary Herd (Camelus dromedarius) in the United Arab Emirates
title_sort outbreak of a systemic form of camelpox in a dromedary herd (camelus dromedarius) in the united arab emirates
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8541543/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34696370
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13101940
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