Comparison of Modified Triple Antibiotic Paste in Two Concentrations for Lesion Sterilization and Tissue Repair in Primary Molars: An In Vivo Interventional Randomized Clinical Trial

INTRODUCTION: “Lesion sterilization and tissue repair” (LSTR) is a non-instrumentation endodontic treatment modality that has recently gained popularity with promising results in several clinical trials. However, there is a dearth of evidence regarding the concentration of modified triple antibiotic paste (MTAP) to be used for the procedure. AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical and radiographic efficacy of 1 mg/mL and 1 g/mL concentrations of MTAP (ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, and clindamycin) used in LSTR of primary molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-four infected primary molars in children between 4 years and 10 years of age were randomly allocated to two groups. Lesion sterilization and tissue repair at 1 mg/mL concentration of MTAP (group I) and 1 g/mL concentration of MTAP (group II) was performed. Clinical and radiographic outcomes were evaluated using Coll and Sadrian's criteria at 10 days, 1 month, and 3 months and the results were tabulated. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis with IBM. SPSS statistics software 23.0 Version. To test the significance in categorical data, a Chi-square test was used. The probability value of 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: At the end of 3 months review, clinical success rates of group I and group II were 84.4 and 90.6%, respectively, and radiographic evaluation showed group I–78.1% and group II–90.6%. CONCLUSION: Both 1 mg/mL and 1 g/mL concentrations of MTAP used in LSTR of primary molars had similar success rates with no statistically significant difference. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Lesion sterilization and tissue repair when found to be equally effective in less concentration may aid in achieving adequate infection control with the least detrimental effect on the remaining vital pulp and periradicular structures. In addition, this circumvents the systemic administration of potent antibiotics thus combating antibiotic resistance. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Shankar K, Ramkumar H, Dhakshinamoorthy S, et al. Comparison of Modified Triple Antibiotic Paste in Two Concentrations for Lesion Sterilization and Tissue Repair in Primary Molars: An In Vivo Interventional Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(3):388–392.