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Emerging Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Infection, Its Epidemiology and Novel Treatment Options: A Review

Infections due to multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae have become major international public health problem due to the inadequate treatment options and the historically lagged pace of development of novel antimicrobial drugs. Inappropriate antimicrobial use in humans and animals coupled with incr...

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Autores principales: Tilahun, Mihret, kassa, Yeshimebet, Gedefie, Alemu, Ashagire, Melaku
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8544126/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34707380
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S337611
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author Tilahun, Mihret
kassa, Yeshimebet
Gedefie, Alemu
Ashagire, Melaku
author_facet Tilahun, Mihret
kassa, Yeshimebet
Gedefie, Alemu
Ashagire, Melaku
author_sort Tilahun, Mihret
collection PubMed
description Infections due to multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae have become major international public health problem due to the inadequate treatment options and the historically lagged pace of development of novel antimicrobial drugs. Inappropriate antimicrobial use in humans and animals coupled with increased global connectivity aided to the transmission of drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections. Carbapenems are the medications of choice for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and AmpC producers, but alternatives are currently needed because carbapenem resistance is increasing globally. This review pointed to discuss emerging drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, its epidemiology and novel treatment options for infections, which date back from 2010 to 2019 by searching Google Scholar, PubMed, PMC, Hinari and other different websites. The occurrence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae is reported worldwide with great regional variability. The rise of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae poses a threat to all nations. Enzyme synthesis, efflux pumps, and porin mutations are the main methods by which Enterobacteriaceae acquire resistance to carbapenems. The major resistance mechanism among these is enzyme synthesis. Most carbapenem resistance is caused by three enzyme groups: Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (Ambler class A), metallo-ß-lactamases (Ambler class B), and oxacillinase-48 (Ambler class D). Ceftazidime–avibactam, which was newly licensed for carbapenemase producers, is the most common treatment option for infections. Meropenem–vaborbactam, imipenem–relebactam, plazomicin, cefiderocol, eravacycline, and aztreonam–avibactam are recently reported to be active against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae; and are also in ongoing trials for different populations and combinations with other antibacterial agents. Overall, treatment must be tailored to the patient’s susceptibility profile, type and degree of infection, and personal characteristics.
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spelling pubmed-85441262021-10-26 Emerging Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Infection, Its Epidemiology and Novel Treatment Options: A Review Tilahun, Mihret kassa, Yeshimebet Gedefie, Alemu Ashagire, Melaku Infect Drug Resist Review Infections due to multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae have become major international public health problem due to the inadequate treatment options and the historically lagged pace of development of novel antimicrobial drugs. Inappropriate antimicrobial use in humans and animals coupled with increased global connectivity aided to the transmission of drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections. Carbapenems are the medications of choice for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and AmpC producers, but alternatives are currently needed because carbapenem resistance is increasing globally. This review pointed to discuss emerging drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, its epidemiology and novel treatment options for infections, which date back from 2010 to 2019 by searching Google Scholar, PubMed, PMC, Hinari and other different websites. The occurrence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae is reported worldwide with great regional variability. The rise of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae poses a threat to all nations. Enzyme synthesis, efflux pumps, and porin mutations are the main methods by which Enterobacteriaceae acquire resistance to carbapenems. The major resistance mechanism among these is enzyme synthesis. Most carbapenem resistance is caused by three enzyme groups: Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (Ambler class A), metallo-ß-lactamases (Ambler class B), and oxacillinase-48 (Ambler class D). Ceftazidime–avibactam, which was newly licensed for carbapenemase producers, is the most common treatment option for infections. Meropenem–vaborbactam, imipenem–relebactam, plazomicin, cefiderocol, eravacycline, and aztreonam–avibactam are recently reported to be active against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae; and are also in ongoing trials for different populations and combinations with other antibacterial agents. Overall, treatment must be tailored to the patient’s susceptibility profile, type and degree of infection, and personal characteristics. Dove 2021-10-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8544126/ /pubmed/34707380 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S337611 Text en © 2021 Tilahun et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) ). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).
spellingShingle Review
Tilahun, Mihret
kassa, Yeshimebet
Gedefie, Alemu
Ashagire, Melaku
Emerging Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Infection, Its Epidemiology and Novel Treatment Options: A Review
title Emerging Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Infection, Its Epidemiology and Novel Treatment Options: A Review
title_full Emerging Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Infection, Its Epidemiology and Novel Treatment Options: A Review
title_fullStr Emerging Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Infection, Its Epidemiology and Novel Treatment Options: A Review
title_full_unstemmed Emerging Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Infection, Its Epidemiology and Novel Treatment Options: A Review
title_short Emerging Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Infection, Its Epidemiology and Novel Treatment Options: A Review
title_sort emerging carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae infection, its epidemiology and novel treatment options: a review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8544126/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34707380
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S337611
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