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Advances in Cardiac Development and Regeneration Using Zebrafish as a Model System for High-Throughput Research

Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States and worldwide. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of cardiac development and regeneration will improve diagnostic and therapeutic interventions against heart disease. In this direction, zebrafish is an excellent model because sever...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Francoeur, Nicholas, Sen, Rwik
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8544412/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34698193
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jdb9040040
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author Francoeur, Nicholas
Sen, Rwik
author_facet Francoeur, Nicholas
Sen, Rwik
author_sort Francoeur, Nicholas
collection PubMed
description Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States and worldwide. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of cardiac development and regeneration will improve diagnostic and therapeutic interventions against heart disease. In this direction, zebrafish is an excellent model because several processes of zebrafish heart development are largely conserved in humans, and zebrafish has several advantages as a model organism. Zebrafish transcriptomic profiles undergo alterations during different stages of cardiac development and regeneration which are revealed by RNA-sequencing. ChIP-sequencing has detected genome-wide occupancy of histone post-translational modifications that epigenetically regulate gene expression and identified a locus with enhancer-like characteristics. ATAC-sequencing has identified active enhancers in cardiac progenitor cells during early developmental stages which overlap with occupancy of histone modifications of active transcription as determined by ChIP-sequencing. CRISPR-mediated editing of the zebrafish genome shows how chromatin modifiers and DNA-binding proteins regulate heart development, in association with crucial signaling pathways. Hence, more studies in this direction are essential to improve human health because they answer fundamental questions on cardiac development and regeneration, their differences, and why zebrafish hearts regenerate upon injury, unlike humans. This review focuses on some of the latest studies using state-of-the-art technology enabled by the elegant yet simple zebrafish.
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spelling pubmed-85444122021-10-26 Advances in Cardiac Development and Regeneration Using Zebrafish as a Model System for High-Throughput Research Francoeur, Nicholas Sen, Rwik J Dev Biol Review Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States and worldwide. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of cardiac development and regeneration will improve diagnostic and therapeutic interventions against heart disease. In this direction, zebrafish is an excellent model because several processes of zebrafish heart development are largely conserved in humans, and zebrafish has several advantages as a model organism. Zebrafish transcriptomic profiles undergo alterations during different stages of cardiac development and regeneration which are revealed by RNA-sequencing. ChIP-sequencing has detected genome-wide occupancy of histone post-translational modifications that epigenetically regulate gene expression and identified a locus with enhancer-like characteristics. ATAC-sequencing has identified active enhancers in cardiac progenitor cells during early developmental stages which overlap with occupancy of histone modifications of active transcription as determined by ChIP-sequencing. CRISPR-mediated editing of the zebrafish genome shows how chromatin modifiers and DNA-binding proteins regulate heart development, in association with crucial signaling pathways. Hence, more studies in this direction are essential to improve human health because they answer fundamental questions on cardiac development and regeneration, their differences, and why zebrafish hearts regenerate upon injury, unlike humans. This review focuses on some of the latest studies using state-of-the-art technology enabled by the elegant yet simple zebrafish. MDPI 2021-09-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8544412/ /pubmed/34698193 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jdb9040040 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Francoeur, Nicholas
Sen, Rwik
Advances in Cardiac Development and Regeneration Using Zebrafish as a Model System for High-Throughput Research
title Advances in Cardiac Development and Regeneration Using Zebrafish as a Model System for High-Throughput Research
title_full Advances in Cardiac Development and Regeneration Using Zebrafish as a Model System for High-Throughput Research
title_fullStr Advances in Cardiac Development and Regeneration Using Zebrafish as a Model System for High-Throughput Research
title_full_unstemmed Advances in Cardiac Development and Regeneration Using Zebrafish as a Model System for High-Throughput Research
title_short Advances in Cardiac Development and Regeneration Using Zebrafish as a Model System for High-Throughput Research
title_sort advances in cardiac development and regeneration using zebrafish as a model system for high-throughput research
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8544412/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34698193
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jdb9040040
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