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Current Trends and Limitations in Dengue Antiviral Research

Dengue is the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral disease worldwide and affects approximately 2.5 billion people living in over 100 countries. Increasing geographic expansion of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes (which transmit the virus) has made dengue a global health concern. There are currently no appro...

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Autores principales: Obi, Juliet O., Gutiérrez-Barbosa, Hernando, Chua, Joel V., Deredge, Daniel J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8544673/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34698303
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed6040180
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author Obi, Juliet O.
Gutiérrez-Barbosa, Hernando
Chua, Joel V.
Deredge, Daniel J.
author_facet Obi, Juliet O.
Gutiérrez-Barbosa, Hernando
Chua, Joel V.
Deredge, Daniel J.
author_sort Obi, Juliet O.
collection PubMed
description Dengue is the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral disease worldwide and affects approximately 2.5 billion people living in over 100 countries. Increasing geographic expansion of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes (which transmit the virus) has made dengue a global health concern. There are currently no approved antivirals available to treat dengue, and the only approved vaccine used in some countries is limited to seropositive patients. Treatment of dengue, therefore, remains largely supportive to date; hence, research efforts are being intensified for the development of antivirals. The nonstructural proteins, 3 and 5 (NS3 and NS5), have been the major targets for dengue antiviral development due to their indispensable enzymatic and biological functions in the viral replication process. NS5 is the largest and most conserved nonstructural protein encoded by flaviviruses. Its multifunctionality makes it an attractive target for antiviral development, but research efforts have, this far, not resulted in the successful development of an antiviral targeting NS5. Increase in structural insights into the dengue NS5 protein will accelerate drug discovery efforts focused on NS5 as an antiviral target. In this review, we will give an overview of the current state of therapeutic development, with a focus on NS5 as a therapeutic target against dengue.
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spelling pubmed-85446732021-10-26 Current Trends and Limitations in Dengue Antiviral Research Obi, Juliet O. Gutiérrez-Barbosa, Hernando Chua, Joel V. Deredge, Daniel J. Trop Med Infect Dis Review Dengue is the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral disease worldwide and affects approximately 2.5 billion people living in over 100 countries. Increasing geographic expansion of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes (which transmit the virus) has made dengue a global health concern. There are currently no approved antivirals available to treat dengue, and the only approved vaccine used in some countries is limited to seropositive patients. Treatment of dengue, therefore, remains largely supportive to date; hence, research efforts are being intensified for the development of antivirals. The nonstructural proteins, 3 and 5 (NS3 and NS5), have been the major targets for dengue antiviral development due to their indispensable enzymatic and biological functions in the viral replication process. NS5 is the largest and most conserved nonstructural protein encoded by flaviviruses. Its multifunctionality makes it an attractive target for antiviral development, but research efforts have, this far, not resulted in the successful development of an antiviral targeting NS5. Increase in structural insights into the dengue NS5 protein will accelerate drug discovery efforts focused on NS5 as an antiviral target. In this review, we will give an overview of the current state of therapeutic development, with a focus on NS5 as a therapeutic target against dengue. MDPI 2021-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8544673/ /pubmed/34698303 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed6040180 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Obi, Juliet O.
Gutiérrez-Barbosa, Hernando
Chua, Joel V.
Deredge, Daniel J.
Current Trends and Limitations in Dengue Antiviral Research
title Current Trends and Limitations in Dengue Antiviral Research
title_full Current Trends and Limitations in Dengue Antiviral Research
title_fullStr Current Trends and Limitations in Dengue Antiviral Research
title_full_unstemmed Current Trends and Limitations in Dengue Antiviral Research
title_short Current Trends and Limitations in Dengue Antiviral Research
title_sort current trends and limitations in dengue antiviral research
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8544673/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34698303
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed6040180
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