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SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Fully Vaccinated Individuals of Old Age Strongly Boosts the Humoral Immune Response
Prophylactic vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is one of the most important measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. Recently, break-through infections following vaccination against this virus have been reported. Here, we describe the humoral immune response of break-through infections in fully vacci...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8544807/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34708057 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.746644 |
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author | Müller, Lisa Andrée, Marcel Ostermann, Philipp Niklas Jazmati, Nathalie Flüh, Greta Fischer, Johannes C. Bölke, Edwin Heger, Eva Vanshylla, Kanika Klein, Florian Wisplinghoff, Hilmar Schaal, Heiner Drexler, Ingo Walker, Andreas Adams, Ortwin Timm, Jörg |
author_facet | Müller, Lisa Andrée, Marcel Ostermann, Philipp Niklas Jazmati, Nathalie Flüh, Greta Fischer, Johannes C. Bölke, Edwin Heger, Eva Vanshylla, Kanika Klein, Florian Wisplinghoff, Hilmar Schaal, Heiner Drexler, Ingo Walker, Andreas Adams, Ortwin Timm, Jörg |
author_sort | Müller, Lisa |
collection | PubMed |
description | Prophylactic vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is one of the most important measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. Recently, break-through infections following vaccination against this virus have been reported. Here, we describe the humoral immune response of break-through infections in fully vaccinated individuals of old age from an outbreak in a nursing home. In cooperation with the local health authority, blood samples from fully vaccinated and infected as well as fully vaccinated and uninfected residents of the nursing home were collected 4 weeks after the onset of the outbreak. The humoral immune response was determined in a neutralisation assay with replication-competent virus isolates and by a quantitative ELISA. In this outbreak a total of 23 residents and four health care workers were tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Four residents were unvaccinated, including one with a severe course of disease who later severe disease course who later succumbed to infection. Despite their old age, all vaccinated residents showed no or only mild disease. Comparison of the humoral immune response revealed significantly higher antibody levels in fully vaccinated infected individuals compared to fully vaccinated uninfected individuals (p < 0.001). Notably, although only a minority of the vaccinated uninfected group showed neutralisation capacity against SARS-CoV-2, all vaccinated and infected individuals showed high-titre neutralisation of SARS-CoV-2 including the alpha and beta variant. Large SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks can occur in fully vaccinated populations, but seem to associate with mild disease. SARS-CoV-2 infection in fully vaccinated individuals is a strong booster of the humoral immune response providing enhanced neutralisation capacity against immune evasion variants. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8544807 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85448072021-10-26 SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Fully Vaccinated Individuals of Old Age Strongly Boosts the Humoral Immune Response Müller, Lisa Andrée, Marcel Ostermann, Philipp Niklas Jazmati, Nathalie Flüh, Greta Fischer, Johannes C. Bölke, Edwin Heger, Eva Vanshylla, Kanika Klein, Florian Wisplinghoff, Hilmar Schaal, Heiner Drexler, Ingo Walker, Andreas Adams, Ortwin Timm, Jörg Front Med (Lausanne) Medicine Prophylactic vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is one of the most important measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. Recently, break-through infections following vaccination against this virus have been reported. Here, we describe the humoral immune response of break-through infections in fully vaccinated individuals of old age from an outbreak in a nursing home. In cooperation with the local health authority, blood samples from fully vaccinated and infected as well as fully vaccinated and uninfected residents of the nursing home were collected 4 weeks after the onset of the outbreak. The humoral immune response was determined in a neutralisation assay with replication-competent virus isolates and by a quantitative ELISA. In this outbreak a total of 23 residents and four health care workers were tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Four residents were unvaccinated, including one with a severe course of disease who later severe disease course who later succumbed to infection. Despite their old age, all vaccinated residents showed no or only mild disease. Comparison of the humoral immune response revealed significantly higher antibody levels in fully vaccinated infected individuals compared to fully vaccinated uninfected individuals (p < 0.001). Notably, although only a minority of the vaccinated uninfected group showed neutralisation capacity against SARS-CoV-2, all vaccinated and infected individuals showed high-titre neutralisation of SARS-CoV-2 including the alpha and beta variant. Large SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks can occur in fully vaccinated populations, but seem to associate with mild disease. SARS-CoV-2 infection in fully vaccinated individuals is a strong booster of the humoral immune response providing enhanced neutralisation capacity against immune evasion variants. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-10-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8544807/ /pubmed/34708057 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.746644 Text en Copyright © 2021 Müller, Andrée, Ostermann, Jazmati, Flüh, Fischer, Bölke, Heger, Vanshylla, Klein, Wisplinghoff, Schaal, Drexler, Walker, Adams and Timm. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Medicine Müller, Lisa Andrée, Marcel Ostermann, Philipp Niklas Jazmati, Nathalie Flüh, Greta Fischer, Johannes C. Bölke, Edwin Heger, Eva Vanshylla, Kanika Klein, Florian Wisplinghoff, Hilmar Schaal, Heiner Drexler, Ingo Walker, Andreas Adams, Ortwin Timm, Jörg SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Fully Vaccinated Individuals of Old Age Strongly Boosts the Humoral Immune Response |
title | SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Fully Vaccinated Individuals of Old Age Strongly Boosts the Humoral Immune Response |
title_full | SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Fully Vaccinated Individuals of Old Age Strongly Boosts the Humoral Immune Response |
title_fullStr | SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Fully Vaccinated Individuals of Old Age Strongly Boosts the Humoral Immune Response |
title_full_unstemmed | SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Fully Vaccinated Individuals of Old Age Strongly Boosts the Humoral Immune Response |
title_short | SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Fully Vaccinated Individuals of Old Age Strongly Boosts the Humoral Immune Response |
title_sort | sars-cov-2 infection in fully vaccinated individuals of old age strongly boosts the humoral immune response |
topic | Medicine |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8544807/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34708057 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.746644 |
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